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ONTEREY County 




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iOI>4 MONTEREY PENINSULA THE CLIMATE VARIES BUT SEVEN DEGREES YEAR IN AND YEAR OUT. IT IS TO 
THIS SUPERB CLIMATIC CONDITION THAT MONTEREY COUNTY OWES HER CLAIM TO ATTENTION 



Monterey County 

California 



Br 
ARTHUR DUNN 



SOUVENIR EDITION 



CALIFORNIA LANDS FOR WEALTH 
CALIFORNIA FRUIT FOR HEALTH 



Issued by 

SUNSET MAGAZINE HOMESEEKERS' BUREAU 

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 

FOR THE 
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS OF MONTEREY COUNTY 



-A 



■; A 








ENDLESS ROWS CJi' STKA VVBl.KKlhS, THE LUSCIOUS SMALL ERUITS iOR WHICH THE PAJARO DISTRICT IS 
FAMOUS THROUGHOUT THE MIDDLE WEST. SOIL AND CLIMATE MAKE THE BERRIES PAY HANDSOMELY 



cTVIonterey County 

Monterey County, California, is thoroughly up to date and progressive. 

It has long maintained the free county high school system and the free 
county library system. 

It has one of the best harbors on the Pacific Coast, which soon will be- 
come one of the leading ports upon the commencement of shipping through 
the Panama Canal. 

In topography a veritable miniature of California, Monterey County 
possesses the beauties of landscape and the balminess of climate enjoyed by 
the most favored spots in the world. 

It presents most alluring attractions to the tourist, to the homeseeker, the 
capitalist and the manufacturer. 

It is an unusual county in a State far-famed for its glories and its 
grandeur. It has mountains, valleys and seashore, each rivaling the other 
for health, for happiness and for homes. 

jMonterey County is situated about 100 miles south of San Francisco and 
300 miles north of Los Angeles, on the Pacific Ocean. It is 124 miles long 
and 45 miles wide, The county is divided into three sections— the mountains 
and hills on the east, the mountains and hills on the Avest, and the Salinas 
Valley situated between these ranges of mountains. 

The great Salinas Valley opens out on Monterey Bay and extends south- 
ward 100 miles, with an average width of ten miles, its area being about 
1,000 square miles, or 640,000 acres. The Salinas River flows through its 
entire length, and the land may be divided into three classes: First, the 
heavy, rich bottom lands, which produce almost everything, the soil being 
sediment and black adobe which often contains just enough sand to make 

% EDITION 








ALFALFA GROWS LUXURIANTLY IN MONTEREY COUNTY AND FROM FIVE TO SEVEN CUTTINGS ARE OBTAINED 
A SEASON. MONTEREY COUNTY BARLEY FINDS ITS WAY TO WORLD MARKETS. 



it work easily; second, the mesa or tablelands, especially adapted to growing 
wheat, barley, and other cereals; third, the uplands and slightly rolling hills, 
some of which are the finest fruit lands in California and will produce 
peaches, apricots, almonds, walnuts, figs, apples, plums, pears, berries, and all 
other fruits common to California. Nearly all semitropical fruits do well in 
some part of this county, especially in the thermal belt along each side of 
the Salinas Valley. 

In the southern portions barley excels, and prunes, apricots, cherries and 
almonds grow to perfection in the foothills, canyons and small valleys, and 
figs do well in sheltered places. 

Currants, gooseberries, blackberries, loganberries and raspberries grow 
luxuriantly. KStrawberries are in market all year round. Grapes grow to 
perfection anywhere in the county, except in the heavy bottom lands of the 
lower Salinas Valley. 

The Salinas Valley excels the world in potato raising, this being the home 
of the Salinas Burbank. 

Dairying is one of the leading industries, some of the finest dairies in the 
State being in this county, and the output of butter and cheese cannot be 
excelled. 

And from the resort standpoint IMonterey County is in a class by itself. 
The famous old city of Monterey, modern and strictly up-to-date in all things 
save its history, rich in romance, is the principal city of the peninsula. Here 
it was that Father Junipero Serra landed in 1770 and established California's 
first northern mission, and one hears the names Sloat, Larkin, Sherman 
and other history-makers of that early romantic period marking the passing 
of control of this empire from one country to another spoken in connection 
with these stirring events. Here were the first capital, the first custom 
house, the first theater — in fact, here was the beginning of things in Cali- 
fornia in the dimming past. 

Adjoining Monterey, almost near enough to be a portion of it, is Pacific 
Grove, a city of contentment, boasting the finest school system, the best local 
government, ideal climate, matchless scenery, and all attractions that go to 
make a home city and a resort city. 

Then there is Hotel Del Monte, known wherever travelers congregate, 
with its verdant acres, dotted with hundreds of varieties of plant life, its 
great golf course, its polo grounds, its walks and drives and all accommoda- 
tions that make for the comfort and pleasure of visitors. 

Carmel-by-the-Sea, a city of dreamy peace. Villa Del Monte, Seaside — yes, 
a score of ideally situated resorts — are situated within a radius of a few miles, 
each enjoying the sun and the shadows, and the scintillating sea in the 
distance. 

In this booklet it is the purpose to give interesting data concerning the 
various sections of Monterey County, so the agricultural and horticultural 
attractions of the county with their rare and unusual opportunities will be 
treated separately from the resorts, which must be considered from an 
entirely different standpoint. 

THE FARMS OF MONTEREY COUNTY 

The principal farming is done in the Salinas Valley, grains and cereals 
being grown on an extensive scale. IMonterey County still remains one of 
the principal grain producers of the State, Ijarley being first in quantity, 
wheat second and oats third. Nearly all of the barley grown here is sold 
to Eastern brewers, who demand the very highest grade of grain. King City 
is one of tlie leading shippers, 1,500 tons of wheat being sent out annually 
and 6,000 Ions of barley. 

In recent years more and more acreage is being devoted to alfalfa and 
naturally there is not so much planted to grain, although about 127,000 acres 

I EDITION 




A PICTURESQUE SIGHT IN MONTEREY COUNTY IS THE 3O-HORSE COMBINED HARVESTER. THE LOWER CUT 
TELLS THE STORY OF THE CONQUERING ADVANCE OF GASOLINE AS MOTIVE POWER. 



are planted to barley, yielding 2,320,416 bushels, valued at $1,002,419. Wheat 
has an acreage of 24,640, producing 26i\(W) bushels, valued at $239,999, and 
the acreage sown to oats is given at 3,000 acres, the product of which is 
valued at $50,300. 

The yield of grains per acre varies as the methods followed differ. Dry- 
farming is still the vogue, and, naturally, when the rainfall is not normal 
the output is lessened. 

In sections where irrigation has been followed the output of alfalfa has 
been everything that could be desired or expected. With the opening up of 
alfalfa fields dairying is being pursued with increased profit, and the great 
valley is rapidly developing into one of the principal dairying sections of 
California. 

There are approximately 40,000 acres under irrigation in Salinas Valley, 
while the total irrigable area embraces fully 150,000 acres. So it will be seen 
that there is great opportunity for the settler to profit by the situation in 
Monterey County. 

Like all of the older settlements, ]\lonterey County is handicapped by 
large farms. In the early days grants of land were made to a favored few, 
and these vast holdings invariably were held intact for generations, until 
today the number of farms of large size greatly outnumbers those than may 
be operated by one family. This has resulted in many tracts being rentecl, 
and has had a tendency to hold back the more rapid development of the 
county, although the percentage of increase has been better than twenty-four 
per cent, in the last decade. Of late, however, the owners of large tracts 
are yielding to the inevitable, and many of them are cutting up their 
unwieldly tracts and selling them to settlers who show a disposition to add 
to the wealth of the county by adhering strictly to the rules of intensive 
farming. 

There are fine opportunities in Monterey County for the homeseeker. 
Good lands are to be had at reasonable prices, but this does not mean that 
the prices are the lowest at which other lands may be offered elsewhere ; 
however, the lands are worth every cent and more than asked for them. 

THE FUTURE OF IRRIGATION 

"While heretofore," writes Samuel Fortier, Chief of Irrigation Investiga- 
tion of the United States Department of Agriculture, "irrigation has fol- 
lowed the line of the most evident return, in the future it will follow the 
available water supply." 

In other words, farmers in communities blessed with a supply of water, 
whether derived from rivers, streams or from wells, in the future will avail 
themselves of this water for purposes of irrigation. It is found that fruit 
trees bear better when irrigated at certain times of the season. Irrigation 
is an absolute necessity to alfalfa. In fact, irrigation follows naturally the 
subdivision of large tracts of land, for the successful farmer employs every 
inch of ground in the development of his home. 

]\Ionterey County offers ideal conditions for the irrigationist, for the 
depth to surface water comparatively is shallow, averaging from ten to 
forty feet. In wide areas the maximum area is nearly twenty feet, but 
elsewhere occasionally the depth is greater. 

The land is easily drained, and the soil is of such character that there is 
little waste of water, the cost of irrigating running between $1.50 and $2.50 
an acre, the higher figure being occasioned by the greater lift required. 

Throughout Monterey County electricity is becoming available for the 
operation of pumping plants, and this motor power is superseding the use 
of oil and other power. There are many examples of success achieved under 
irrigation after seasons of discouragement under old methods. 

SOUVENIR 7( 1913)5 EDITION 




IRRIGATION IS DOING FOR THi; FORT R(.).MIF IMS'i'RICT WHAT IT HAS IKINI: FOR ALL PK(_)(;Ri:SSING COM- 
MUNITIES. WATER IS THE CROP INSURANCE THAT ALWAYS PAYS DOLLAR FOR DOLLAR. 

Mat. Williams, near Gonzales, has a 100-horsepower electric pump working 
on a cluster of seven wells, drilled to a depth of 100 feet, with a lift of 
eighteen feet. This pumping outfit supplies all the water this farmer 
requires for 400 acres, and he is enabled to sell some to an irrigating 
company. Mr. Williams has some of the finest dairy cows in all the valley, 
and his profits have been handsome. Formerly he farmed on a larger scale, 
but his profits never approached his receipts of today. 

0. H. Willoughby of King City irrigates 300 acres from a cluster of 
twelve wells, drilled to a depth of thirty-five feet, from which a sixty-four- 
horsepower engine throws 5,000 gallons a minute through two ten-inch pipes. 
The cost of operating this plant for a twelve- or fourteen-hour day is $10 
to $15. This same farmer expended $500 on a single five-inch pump, with a 
twelve-horsepower gas engine, pumping from the San Lorenzo River. The 
pump throws 800 gallons a minute, and waters twenty-five acres of alfalfa. 

As elsewhere in California, the season of 1913 was comparatively dry, 
but wherever there was a pumping plant in the Salinas Valley there was 
ample water, and there was no failure of irrigated crops. 

There are many canal systems in operation. The Salinas Canal, drawing 
the water from the Salinas River, extends nine miles, and serves 3,500 acres 
south of King City. San Lorenzo Creek is the source of supply for a canal 
serving 800 acres. In addition there are three canals which tap the Arroyo 
Seco, watering 300, 2,000 and 4,000 acres. The largest of these is near 
Greenfield. The Gonzales canal system waters 2,700 acres. 

The Greenfield system is declared to be the cheapest irrigation project in 
California. The canal system is owned by the farmers, and the total cost 
to water users is less than $1 an acre a year. 

There are scores of dams in use throughout the county, the flow from 
smaller streams being impounded and carried by means of ditches to the 
fields to be irrigated. 



SOUVENIR ^llQI'l)? EDITION 




ARTKSIAN WATKR IS FOUND AT COMPARATIVELY SHALLOW DEPTH, AND THIS WELL-BORING OUTFIT, AT 
WORK NEAR SAN ARDO, GIVES AN IDEA OF THE CERTAINTY OF SUCCESS IN THE SECTION. 

There is a satisfaction guaranteed by the irrigation ditch which can best 
be compared to that satisfaction which comes from good fire insurance. The 
crop is safe, no matter what turn the weather takes. A "dry" season has no 
terrors for the Monterey farmer. 

THREE PROPOSED DAMS 

The Salinas River is the largest submerged stream in America. Homer 
Hamlin, making a report to the United States Geological Survey, declares 
that the water flow of this river "probably at all times is sufficient for the 
needs of winter and spring irrigation." This authority describes three big 
practical dam sites — the Arroyo Seco, capable of retaining 33,000 acre feet 
in ordinary years with a 125-foot dam, costing $260,000; the Currier Reser- 
voir, also on the Arroyo Seco, with a capacity of 49,000 acre feet with a 
135-foot dam, costing $381,000; the Matthews Reservoir, on the San Lorenzo, 
with a 110-foot dam, holding 12,000 acre feet, costing $201,000. These 
projects, aggregating in cost $840,000, would provide ample water for 
47,000 acres.^ 

It has been estimated that, at an expenditure of $4,500,000 to $5,000,000, 
the United Stales Government could irrigate the entire valley. Plans out- 
lining this gigantic scheme have been laid before the Federal Government, 
and it is probable, in time, that results will be obtained. 



POSSIBILITIES OF IRRIGATION 

An authority on irrigation says : 

"What is most needed in this State and what we should most highly 
prize is an influx of industrious settlers, each possessing sufficient means to 
enable him to make a fair start along the line of irrigated agriculture. The 

SOUVENIR jllPnif EDITION 




AN IKKIC.ATln.N ( WAL IN Till': SAI.iNAS \AI,I1A, WIIKJI ll\^ 150,000 A( K I S ill IKl;l(,\i;l.l l,\,\l) HIM 
CANNOT BE EXCELLED AS TO PRODUCTIVITY AND DEPTH IN ALL CALIFORNIA. 

opportunities open to this class are exceptionally good. All of the natural 
advantages essential to the success of the irrigated farm are to be found in 
the great central valleys of California — fertile soil, good climate and an 
abundant water supply. Yet these natural gifts count for little when not 
utilized. We need the intelligent brain and the trained hand of thousands 
of farmers to make the best possible use of these advantages. In much of this 
work no large amount of capital is required. In this connection it may be a 
surprise to some to learn that there are about 1,870,000 acres of rich valley 
land now included in California irrigation projects but not irrigated. The 
water supply for a much larger area is readily accessible, and both land and 
water can l3e united under the most favorable circumstances whenever a 
sufficient numlier of citizens join to bring it about. 

"This dominant industry of California is in no danger of languishing for 
a few years to come on account of the lack of irrigation canals and storage 
reservoirs. The State is now filling up at the rate of about 100,000 persons 
a year, and there is sufficient unirrigated land under canal systems to 
provide for this influx of settlers for the next ten years." 






Ill \|i.,\ll 111 rill (,ll\Z\ll^ IKI;U.\rhi\ cwxi, \l \ k (,n\/\i|-, IIIIM, WAI'IRS IRKlCAri'-, THE 
ALI'ALi'A l•■il^LD^ WHICH SUPPORT U\ KK / ,000 DAIRY COWS. IIU. CANALS COVER JJGHl' MILES 

10 







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7 ■'/:;>■ 




III nil \l \K'kl I l\'. I I \ I'ERS. GOOD SOLID ROADS M \ M mi^llMMI 
IXG AX LAh\ i'KulJIJ.M. THERE ARE AMPLE MARKETINC F \( 11,1 11 1 :S. 



I \1\ 1 \RM- 



MONTEREY LAND IS CHEAP 

Monterey County lands are cheap, considering the many natural ad- 
vantages of the whole county. This county also has probably the widest 
range of prices. 

It must be realized by prospective purchasers that an available water 
supply must be certain. This supply may be from the subterranean channels 
that drain off the higher elevations, or it may come from rivers and ditches ; 
in any event the development of water must be considered along with the 
fertility of the soil before an investment is nuide. 

The highest priced land is situated in the Pajaro Valley, where the most 
highly improved orchards are to be found. 

The lower prices of land are to be found in the southern end of the Salinas 
Valley, especially on the west side. In the vicinity of Salinas, on the north- 
east side, good land brings $60 to $100 an acre, unimproved. The bottom 
land is held at a higher figure. 

Mesa land near King City will bring from %\{) up, with $75 being obtained 
in small tracts. Grazing land hereabouts may be purchased for $2.50 to $15 
an acre. In the vicinity of San Ardo, hill grazing land sells at $5 and $10 an 
acre, while first-class bottom land is to be had at $50 and $100 an acre. 




SACKINC. C.k \1N ll\ A CiiMr.lM n II \K'\ I --I!' K M \l I \ I 1 M I I I i I \ 1 11 I I \ \ M M V. Til 1 S \ \ 1 I 1 . V 1 S 

ONE OF THE GREAT (,,RAE\ CLMEKS UF TIIL CiiL \i\ V\l.i iUL FIvtiDI ( I 1< i\ PI K A( RE IS HKill. 



SOUVENIR ^lIQnlf EDITION 



11 









--■""VSF'" ■ Tf"- ' 







itj* 




«*?■)*: V 



A.\ OKLHAkU IN IHJ. PAJAKO \ ALl.lA , HIE \\ ORLD b LAKt.L.SI IND1\ IIJUAL AI'PLL I RODLCIXO bLLIIUN. 
THE ORCHARDS HERE YIELD MORE THAN A MILLION DOLLARS A YEAR. 



The settler will find numerous opportunities in the smaller valleys of the 
county. In Jolon Valley one may purchase good land without water at $10, 
while the highest prices are $40 and $50. In some of the valleys in the lower 
section of the county the minimum prices are even lower than those quoted. 

It must be realized by the practical farmer or ambitious settler that the 
cheapest is not always the best, and that care must be exercised in tlie 
selection of lands. However, the residents of IMonterey County gladly will 
assist intending settlers to obtain the places which they want, ' for none is 
more enthusiastic as to the future of the county than those already there and 
enjoying the bounties of the county's soil and climate. 

CHARACTER OF THE SOIL 

An official report on the soils of Salinas Valley contains this statement : 

"The soils of the Salinas Valley fall naturally into three classes — upland 
soils, valley soils, and recent sedimentary soils, each of which classes is quite 
distinct in typical form. 

"The principal soil in Salinas Valley is a heavy alluvial loam. There is 
also some gravelly loam, especially in the foothills. In the northwest of the 
valley adobe is found ; this is a fine soil when worked properly. Earely is 
hardpan found and alkali is virtually unknown." 

The deep loam is declared to be the best soil in California for a large area. 
An example of its depth is found in a well-boring incident at King City, 
where willow leaves were brought up from a depth of sixty-four feet. 

The Government's report on the soil of the valley covered 220,160 acres, 
and divides the soils in the regions inspected as follows : Placentia sandy 
loam, 33.6 per cent. ; Fresno sand, 11.4 per cent. ; Soledad gravelly sand, 3.5 
per cent.; Arroyo Seco sandy loam, 4.3 per cent.; Salinas shale loam, 6.2 
per cent.; Salinas gray adobe, 8.4 per cent.; San Joaquin black adobe, 5.3 
per cent. ; river wash, 4.9 per cent. ; Santiago silt loam, 6.4 per cent. 

SOUVENIR ?{19I'7)° EDITION 




THE JOLON VALLEY HAS IMMENSE FRUIT-GROWIXG POSSIBILITIES AS IS EMDENT FROM THE GROWTH OF 
THIS YOUNG PEACH ORCHARD. THERE ARE MANY SUCH OPPORTUNITIES IN MONTEREY. 



EXCELLENT ORCHARDS 

Monterey County, possessing ideal conditions as to climate and soil, 
naturally boasts of her unexcelled orchards. Only a few years ago the now 
famous Pajaro Valley was given up largely to the growing of apples. Today 
this little section ships over 4,000 carloads of the finest kind of fruit, the 
product finding its way to all the markets of the world, and proving up in 
((uality with all competitors. 

But this is only a beginning, for there are thousands of acres available 
for setting out orchards. There is not of record a single failure in this 
industry, provided the slightest care and attention were given the trees. Only 
once has there been a frost that did any material damage and that was the first 
time in the history of the valley, some of the apple trees being nipped, but 
not damaged to any extent. 

J. B. Hickman, Horticultural Commissioner of IMonterey, in discussing 
the fruit-growing situation and the immense possibilities offered for future 
development, says : 

"The warm, well-drained slopes of the hills in the northern end of 
Monterey County offer almost ideal locations for apricots, and both sides 
of the Salinas Valley offer hundreds of similar locations. Cool northern 
slopes everywhere and the heavy lands of Pajaro and Carmel valleys offer 
perfect conditions for apples and pears. 

"Back from the coast, in the hills, everywhere are locations for growing 
choicest grapes and figs. Walnuts and almonds flourish in many locations 
and isolated experiments in orange and lemon growing show numerous 
thermal belts suited for their production. Pajaro strawberries are unexcelled. 
French prunes flourish in the Salinas and Carmel valleys, and the finest of 
cherries are grown in the deep alluvium of the filled-in canyon bottoms of 
the eastern slopes of the Santa Lucia Mountains." 



SOUVENIR 




13 



EDITION 



The fruit acreage is as follows : 

Bearing Non-Bearing 

Trees Trees 

Apples 2S3 ,000 21 ,700 

Apricots 34,()()0 (1,000 

Cherries 2 , 250 250 

Peaches 4,000 1,000 

Ppiirs 11 ,000 4,500 

Plums and Prunes 8,000 1 ,000 

Walnuts 450 

Oranges 400 .... 

Figs 500 

The coniniissioner gives new plantings as follows : 

Apples, 2(i.000 trees; pears, 7,250 trees; apricots, 14,000 trees; peaches, 
1,000 trees; prunes and plums, 350 trees; cherries, 400 trees; walnuts, 1,150 
trees. 

The quince has become an important fruit also, there being about 1,200 
trees in the county. There are over 200 bearing nectarine trees, and about 
500 bearing olive trees, covering several acres. Citrus fruits are represented 
by a hundred or more scattered lemon trees. 

There are fully 3,000 almond trees; this nut promises to become an 
important product. Chestnuts and pecans are also grown. 

Apples are leaders in the green fruit production, the output of other fruits 
being as follows : 

Cherries, 25 tons; pears, 225 tons; peaches, 250 tons; plums, 50 tons. 

The annual dried fruit production for a typical season is reported as 
follows : 

Pounds Value 

Almonds 20,000 $2,000 

Apples 300,000 21,000 

Apricots 220,000 17,000 

Peaches 2,000 160 

Prunes ■ 8,000 400 

Plums 2,000 100 

Walnuts 2,000 220 

Some fruit is canned, the totals reading : 

Cases Value 

Apples 600 $1,400 

Apricots 350 1,150 

Pears 300 600 

Peaches 800 1,600 

For the most part the shipments of fruit come from the northern section 
of the county, the product of the southern being consumed largely at home. 
However, there are packing-houses at Pleyto, Metz, Greenfield and elsewhere 
both for fruit and vegetables. 

LEADING APPLE SECTION 

The Pajaro Valley, part of whicli is located iu IMonterey County, is the 
largest producer of apples in the world. The portion of it within the ])ound- 
ary of Monterey has a gross income from apples alone of approximately 
$1*000,000 a year. The county contains many of the hundred packing-houses, 
sixteen evaporated and a score or more of cider, vinegar and canning estab- 
lishments in the valley. 

Of late years many of the growers have leased out their orchards for a 
term of years, the average price being nearly $100 an acre for full bearing 
trees. The owner only looks after the cultivation, the remainder of the work 
being done by the lessee. Other growers sell their crops early in the season 
"on the blossom." 

Jeff. Mann, who owns a forty-five acre orchard near Watsonville Junction 
(formerly Pajaro), receives $4,500 cash on the second day of January every 
year from the persons leasing his place. He has nothing to do save look 
after the cultivation of his place. 

W. J. McGowan, residing three miles southwest of Watsonville Junction, 
in the Pajaro Valley, has a ninety-three-acre bottom land orchard, of which 



SOUVENIR ?(|91'7)i EDITION 



15 



<^^^ 




MONTEREY COUNTY PRODUCES ALL KINDS OF FRUITS AS MAY BE SEEN BY A HASTY PERUSAL OF THIS BOOK. 
THESE QUINCES ARE AN EXAMPLE OF MONTEREY'S DIVERSITY. 



sixty acres are in Bellefleur apples. The trees, planted forty-eight to the 
acre, are thirteen to twenty years old. This orchard has produced as high as 
15,000 loose boxes an acre, the equivalent of 11,250 packed boxes, some of 
Ihe oldest trees producing twelve loose boxes a year. 

]Mr. iMcGowan averaged eighty-five cents per packed box for first grade 
a|)i)]es, selling on commission. The expenses included twenty-five cents for 
packing and box material, and four to five cents per box for picking. The 
cost of cultivation was ^2 an acre for plowing, ten to twelve cents a tree for 
pruning, and the cost of hauling. 

In this region, so free from codling-moth and other destroying pests, there 
is virtually no necessity for expensive spraying. 

The McGowan orchard has been leased for a long term at $5,000 a year. 

Another typical orcliard is that of J. H. Thompson, who has seventy-five 
acres near Watsonville Junction. Thirty-seven acres are in Bellefleurs ten 
to eighteen years old; there is an equal area of Newtowns of the same age. 
It has been found that the Bellefleur will yield heavier, but the Newtown is 
more certain to produce. In this orchard the trees are planted fifty-five to 
the acre, twenty-eight feet apart. In a normal season the seventy-five acres 
produced 32,000 loose boxes, this being the average yield. Generally this 
crop had been sold "on the blossom" in April or May, but now the orchard 
is under lease for a term of years. The lease gives him $7,000 for the first 
three years, and $7,500 for the last two years. The owner does not do any 
work. Under his personal operation the orchard yielded Mr. Thompson 
$6,800 in 1909, $7,200 in 1910, and in 1911, when the trees matured, $7,600. 
From this he deducted expenses, with the exception of the cost of picking. 
The expenses were between $1,800 and $2,000 a year, plowing costing $2.50 
an acre, cultivation $3.50, pruning $600 for the orchard, and spraying $300, 
this allowing three summer sprayings at $100 each. Winter spraying is not 
necessary every year. 



16 



SOUVENIR 




§ EDITION 




MONTEREY HAS AN APPLE ANNUAL AND COMPETITION ON THE PART OF COMPETITORS IS KEEN. MANY OF 
THE FIRST PRIZES HAVE BEEN WON BY HOME-GROWN APPLES. 

One of the features of the Watsonville Apple Annual is the exhibit of 
apples grown in Monterey County, and the prizes awarded very often are 
for fruit grown in this county. In many instances apple growers of Monte- 
rey receive higher prices for their fruit. 

The Pajaro Valley has a rival in Monterey County in the Carmel Valley, 
where the way was shown by the padres of earlier days and generations. In 
the Prunedale district also there has been good success with apples, and 
Del Monte Junction (formerly Castroville) is becoming a shipper. 

The prune is coming to the front in this county, as is evidenced in the 
experience of G. P. Henry of King City, who has three and one-half acres of 
French prunes, thirteen years old. The 350 trees average five to six tons 
dried a year. The price is usually four or five cents a pound. Without 
irrigation this orchard returns $50 an acre, and if irrigated the returns are 
easily $100 an acre net. 

It has been said that in Monterey County was the beginning of things in 
California, so by this time it must be known whether fruit will thrive there. 
There are pear trees at Carmel Mission, long neglected, that were planted a 
century and a quarter ago, and still bear good fruit. 

One of the principal shippers of apricots is the town of Aromas, which 
sends out several hundred tons of green and dried fruit annually. 

VINEYARDS DO WELL 

In the earlier days vineyards were somewhat in vogue, but today it is 
not a usual sight to see well cared for vineyards, notwithstanding that the 
climatic and soil conditions are ideal for vines. Here and there are grown 
grapes which are shipped fresh, although it is not an idle statement to say 
that within a comparatively few years viticulture will be followed extensively. 

Near Soledad Mission there is a remnant of what is declared to be the 
oldest vineyard in California. 

SOUVENIR ■ 




lUtVRK PKACHh.3 ALL kl..ili . 1 HIS IS ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF WHAT MAY BE ACCOMPLISHED EST THE JOLON 
VALLEY WHICH IS MAKING A RECORD FOR ITS FRUITS. 

EXCELS IN BERRIES 

Monterej^ County excels in its berry output, vast fields being planted to 
them, besides, in many instances, being planted between orchards. 

Berries from the Pajaro Valley are in constant demand throughout 
northern California, and even as far north as Portland, Oregon. 

The strawberry is the principal product among the berries, 1,000,000 
pounds being produced annually, the estimated value beihg $50,000, The 
blackberry output is 50,000 pounds, valued at $2,000, and the fignres are the 
same for raspberries. Loganberries are shipped to the extent of 200,000 
pounds, having a value of $8,000. The favorite varieties of strawberries are 
the Brandywine, the Malinda and the Banner. 

The average yield is 125 chests an acre. The average annual net profit per 
acre is $200 to $250, but as high as $500 and $700 have been recorded. 

This is one branch of farming that is done to a considerable extent in 
this valley on shares. 

Unimproved strawberry land may be bought for $100 to $200 an acre, 
or may be rented for $20 to $30 an acre a year. The cost of preparing 
the land the first year is $20 to $25 an acre. From 15,000 to 20,000 plants 
are set out to the acre, the cost of planting being $3 a thousand. 




11, \R Ml 111 WILN lll\l l\ MOMKKIA L(n\l\ ARE MllAilli ,\1 A \ \ ol 1111 HI \l>Kin 
HOUSES, CLDER, VINEGAR AND CANNING ESTABLISHMENTS FOUND IN THIS SECTION. 



SOUVEI IR |{|9I'5)S EDITION 




4il 



v'V 



WHAT THE CAMIKA 



, < ^ , '/ ^ / / ^ / ' / ^ 



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W Jll 1 1 \M h 



YIKLDKIJ HAXDhU.Uii, lUkTUNi-S TU GKijW LR^ DLRi.NG KhChM VLAKb. 

AVhat may be accomplished with strawberries under irrigation is in- 
stanced by the experience of 0. 0. Eaton, who has seventy-five acres in 
berries. The annual cost for irrigation is $25 an acre, using two pumps, one 
a twenty-five-horsepower, six-inch plant, throwing 800 gallons a minute, and 
installed at a cost of $6,000. The equipment includes 2,400 feet of ten-inch 
pipe. The other pump is of fifteen-horsepower throwing 300 gallons. The 
cost of operating the first plant is forty cents the first hour and twenty-five 
cents for the second. The lift required is twenty-five feet. 

Now for results: The average yield is 200 chests of seventy-five pounds 
each an acre, the highest yield being 400 to 450 chests. The price averages 
$3.50 or better a chest, the price often being $4 and sometimes as high as 
$8 or $10 a chest. The first year this grower recorded expenses of $200 an 
acre, which included plants and planting, grading and similar work. Years 
when planting is not necessary the cost is $25 an acre. Some of these rich 
acres have produced $500 net profit, while the income from others have been 
$400. Some truly phenomenal pickings have been noted, sixty chests having 
been taken in a single day from one acre. These brought $5 a chest, the 
price in the San Francisco market being $6 a chest. Six acres on this same 
farm kept thirty-two pickers constantly at work for two weeks. 




A FARM RESIDENCE IN THE PAJARO VALLEY, "XHE HOME OF THE APPLE." THIS IS ONE 
HANDSOME ESTABLISHMENTS BUILT WITH THE PROFITS OF THE ORCHARD. 



SOUVENIR 5 




MANY 
19 







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IN THE VICIXITV OF GONZALES, WHERE THE PICTLRE W Ab TAKEN, UAIk\MEN MAIMAIN A HIOII tiiANUA.vL) 
OF COWS AS IS EVIDENCED BY THE HIGH PERCENTAGE OF BUTTER FAT. 

IDEAL DAIRYING CONDITIONS 

Monterey County has ideal conditions for dairying, and the returns per 
cow average in the neighborhood of $8 a month, and in some instances the 
score has been considerably higher. 

There are many natural advantages. In the first place there is always 
ample green feed, and it is possible here, as elsewhere in California, to handle 
a herd for sixty per cent, of the expense incurred in the East, where hard 
winters are the rule and feeding is expensive. It is not necessary to erect 
expensive buildings for the herds, as the cows are out of doors practically 
the whole year round. Since alfalfa has become one of the principal crops 
of all sections using irrigation, the results obtained have been marvelous. 

The Salinas Valley is rapidly becoming recognized as one of the leading 
dairy regions of the AVest. New sections are being devoted to this industry 
each succeeding season. At the extreme southern end of the valley, in the 
vicinity of San Ardo, dairying has taken hold, and hundreds of cows are 
now being milked. In the smaller valleys, notably Carmel and the inland 
sections, dairying has come into vogue, and in the Pajaro Valley itself it has 
made considerable headway, and along the Coast, in the Sur country, there is 
much of it going on. 




AT C.OXZALFS iTll'. AI.l'IM: lA'APORATED Uxl.AM (ii\ll'\.\Y .\I\iMAIN> IIS LARGEST PLAN i , ul'll.; 
ALL YEAR AROUND AND AFFORDING A READY MARKET FOR ALL MILK. 



21 



SOUVENIR fllQI'?)? EDITIOr 



Monterey County already has forty-five creameries within its borders, and 
there is an evaporated milk plant. 

The appended figures give an idea of the extent of this industry : 

Production Value 

Butter (pounds) 950,000 $285,000 

Cheese (pounds) 3,750,000 581,250 

Condensed Milk (cases) 202,500 607,500 

$1,473,750 

Other interesting data are contained in the records of the State Board of 
Agriculture's report, which shows that from 1900 to 1911 Monterey County 
produced 7,359,431 pounds of butter, the average being 613,286 pounds a year. 
The total cheese production for the same period is placed at 10,697,368 
pounds, the yearly, average being 891,447 pounds. The highest annual output 
was 1,505,465 pounds. The average output of cheese for the entire State is 
about 5,729,000 pounds, so Monterey County safely may be credited with 
producing fifteen per ^ent. of the cheese output of California. There are 
today about 20,000 head of graded dairy cows in the county, the total value 
being approximated at $475,000. 

In the vicinity of Gonzales the greatest development of this industry has 
been accomplished. Here the Alpine Evaporated Cream Company operates a 
plant with an annual output of 175,000 eases, taking the output from 7,000 
cows, all of which are milked within a radius of five miles of Gonzales. The 
average test for this entire number is 4.0. 

There are many notable examples of success on the part of dairymen. 
John Foletta of Gonzales had a herd of 110 cows in 1911, which brought him 
a net income of $9,000. 

Tavernetti Brothers, also of Gonzales, averaged 2,400 pounds of milk daily 
from one hundred cows, receiving $1.25 and $1.35 a hundredweight for the 
milk from the Alpine Creamery. 

That it is possible to maintain a high average throughout Monterey 
County is evidenced by the results in a butter-scoring contest conducted by 
the California State University Farm, in which twenty-eight creameries, 
operated in all sections of California, competed. The University Farm, oper- 
ated under ideal conditions, scored a total of ninety-three and one-half. The 
Salinas Creamery, one of the Monterey contestants, equalled this score, while 
the Del Monte Junction (Castroville) Creamery was only half a point behind 
these record makers. 

One of the principal cheese producers of the county is Charles Bonifacio, 
who operates 200 acres of land near Soledad, for which he pays $10 an acre 
rental a year. He has on the average sixty-five milking head, thoroughbred 
Holsteins. His land is in alfalfa, irrigated from the Salinas River by a 
pump which throws 20,000 gallons a minute and irrigating thirty acres a day 
at a cost of sixty to seventy cents an hour. Many of the cows of this herd 
give ten gallons a day, the equivalent of nine pounds of cheese, worth 
approximately $1.50. The average for the herd is six gallons a day, the total 
average output of cheese being 200 pounds a day, although at times the 
output has been 300 pounds for a single day. The lowest price this dairyman 
has received in recent years was twelve cents a pound, the highest eighteen 
cents, and the average being fourteen cents a pound. 

This herd is fed on alfalfa and a little grain hay, in addition to which 
three large crops of alfalfa are harvested, the cuttings averaging six and 
seven tons to the acre in all, which is worth $6 a ton loose or $8 baled. These 
figures are for average years. At other times the prices are higher. 

The California market for dairy products is one of the best in the United 
States. High prices prevail and the market is seldom if ever overstocked. 

SOUVENIR 5(|9I'5)° EDITION 




THE LARGEST BEET SUGAR FACTORY IN THE WORLD IS SITUATED AT SPRECKELS, MONTEREY COUNTY. 
THE FACTORY EMPLOYS 70O MEN AND THE ANNUAL CUTTING IS 200,000 TONS OF BEETS. 



SUGAR BEET INDUSTRY 

Monterey County has the largest sugar-beet mill in the world. It has a 
daily capacity of 3,000 tons of beets, and has been in operation since 1897. 
This mill is located at Spreckels, near Salinas, and represents to the farmers 
of the county an annual income approximating $1,000,000. This plant 
employs 700 men, most of whom live in the town of Spreckels, and the annual 
cutting approximates 200,000 tons of beets. 

The sugar-mill company operates large tracts of land, the acreage now 
approximating 17,500, and the yield of beets throughout the county averages 
better than eleven tons to the acre. Near Salinas the average is thirteen 
tons, while as high a return as twenty-three and a half tons has been 
received. 

The standard price for beets is $5.50 a ton, the company paying the freight 
to the factory. Contracts for each season are made at this price and under 
similar conditions. Of recent years a sliding scale has been established, 
whereby the growers derive greater benefit from the beet. This scale 
guarantees a minimum of $5 a ton for beets containing eleven to fifteen per 
cent, sugar, with fractions of one per cent, added in proportion. Beets testing 
fifteen per cent, sugar are paid for at the rate of $5.25 ; sixteen per cent., 
$5.50, and so on up, twenty-five cents a ton being added for each per centum 
of sugar. The highest price is $7.75 for beets testing twenty-five per cent, 
sugar. 

The average crop is fifteen tons to the acre, the average price being $5.50, 
or $82.50 an acre, gross. From this must be deducted the expense of irriga- 
tion and cultivation, which averages about $36 an acre, leaving a net profit 
to the grower of $46.50. 

The usual yield is fifteen tons to the acre, though many ranches produce 
twenty tons, and as high as twenty-five tons have been recorded. 

24 



SOUVENIR 





TO 



lil I 1 111 ID M \R -^M 1\ \- M'lMI KLY COUMY, HAS RECORDI D A YILLD OF TWLNTY-FIVE TONS 
THE ACRE. THE MILLING COMPANY ALONE OPERATES 20,000 ACRES OF SUGAR BEET LAND. 



On the Spreckels ranch beets have been grown continuously for ten years, 
only an occasional crop of barley having been sown. As an evidence of the 
effect upon the soil, the crop of 1901 was 15.6 tons an acre on a tract of 
several hundred acres. In 1909 the average was 15.4 tons, while favorable 
weather conditions in 1910 sent the production up to 19.6 tons an acre. 

It has been found that beets used in rotation with other crops are especi- 
ally valuable. The following table of increase of crops following beets has 
been issued from the company's experimental station: 



Per Cent 



Crop 

Oats 8U 

Barley 73 

Hay 66 



Crop " Per Cent 

Wheat 80 

Barley 57 

Wheat 75 



To the farmer contemplating planting sugar-beets, the following expert 
opinion will be especially interesting: 

"Only a good farmer can raise the sugar-beet. AVhen you see a man 
making "a success of his beet crop you may put it down that this man is a 
thorough farmer. The sugar-beet has played an important part in the 
development of Monterey County. The value of the crop among all those 
grown was second. Barley alone exceeded the value of the beet crop to the 
farmers, and that by only $50,000, which considering the fact that over 100,000 
acres are grown, against 15,000 acres of beets, is not a very great margin. The 
value of the sugar-beet is $57.14 an acre, while the next second crop, beans, 
has a value of $37.20 an acre. Averages compiled from figures given by actual 
growers outside of the company show that the profits for beets average nearly 
$40 an acre. 

"Not only is the sugar-beet a paying financial crop in itself, but its effect 
upon the soil is markedly beneficial. 

"All lands are not adapted to the sugar-beet. More beets can well be 



SOUVENIR 




25 



EDITION 




HERE S AN ALFALFA FIELD NEAR SALINAS THAT MAKES ONE MARVEL AT THE PRODUCTIVITY OF MONTEREY 
COUNTY SOIL. THIS ALFALFA MAY BE CUT SIX TIMES IN A SEASON. 



considered for this valley and in their growing both farmer and soil will 
benefit. 

''The prime qualities of sugar content and weight are opposed to one 
another in the sugar-beet, and the successful grower must take both into 
consideration. The minimum of sugar is twelve per cent. 

"In general, it has been found that the best results are obtained by- 
aiming at a two-pound beet, long, tapering and well rounded, with a slight 
twist — the sugar twist — and a small green crown." 

To obtain this, study of local conditions is imperative, soils of different 
types requiring different treatments. 

The pulp of the beets, after the sugar has been extracted, is sold for cattle 
feed. The annual sales are about 50,000 tons of fresh pulp at twenty-eight 
cents a ton, and 25,000 tons of silo pulp, seventy-eight cents. The entire sales 
equal about 100,000 tons of fresh pulp. 

ALFALFA ACREAGE INCREASING 

The acreage devoted to alfalfa in jMonterey County is increasing annually, 
for here ideal conditions are to be found. In most sections it is not a very 
great depth to water, and both electric and oil power are comparatively cheap. 
The climate is a "growing climate," and it is possible to get six or seven, not 
infrequently eight cuttings a year, and the average yield is about one and 
one-half tons to the acre each cutting. 

As elsewhere, dairying has followed the alfalfa patches, and the next few 
years will see an immense acreage planted to this forage, for there are thou- 
sands of acres of available land for alfalfa growing. 

In the vicinity of King City there is a considerable acreage, and with 
increased irrigation facilities it will not be long before the entire countryside 
is like a green carpet. Some of the best fields are on the Spreckels ranch. 

26 

SOUVENIR 





BURBANKS ARE FAMOUS EVERYWHERK, AND MORE THAN ij)!, 500,000 ARE SHIPPED PROM 
SALINAS VALLEY EVERY YEAR, OUTRIVALING ALL OTHER POTATOES IN THE MARKET. 



In the San Ardo district the farmers have gone in for extensive alfalfa 
growing for the dairy herds. 

There is always a good demand for alfalfa and the price justifies the farmer 
in devoting his fields to this forage. Practically the only expense attached to 
it is irrigating and cutting after the first year. The lands in Monterey County 
are easily checked and readily drained. 



SALINAS BURBANK POTATOES 

The Salinas Burbank potato is the "king of spuds." It is produced in 
large quantities in the rich river sediment near Salinas, the annual shipments 
approximating in value over $1,500,000. 

Monterey County devotes 5,000 acres to this potato, standing number 
five in the list of counties for the production. 

The average production is seventy-five to eighty sacks of 125 pounds each 
to the acre. 

In the immediate vicinity of Salinas the yield is considerably higher, not 
infrequently the production being 125 sacks to the acre. 

The record for productivity is held by James Bardin on his ranch across 
the river from Salinas, who reported 400 sacks produced on a single acre. 

M. F. Martin of Salinas got 5,600 sacks from thirty-eight acres, an average 
of 155 sacks to the acre. The gross receipts from this crop were $11,000, or 
an average higher than $289 an acre. 

Many instances of big yields could be set down, but the average yield is 
sufficiently impressive. Potato growers find this crop a most profitable one. 

There is always a good market for potatoes, as California imports many 
thousand sacks yearly, and consequently the price usually warrants a 
farmer in growing them on a large scale. 



,^OViUi5> 



SOUVENIR 




27 




THIS HtKi.lUKlJ BULL, \VEIGHii\G 2,jOO luLuND.s, 1^ io BE FOUND ON A DAIRY KAACll .\i.AR loKi JUORIE. 
FINE DAIRIES ARE OBTAINED ONLY FROM THOROUGHBRED STOCK. 

LIVE STOCK 

Live stock continues to be one of the large industries of JMonterey County, 
although it is annually on the wane, and must continue to be since the settler 
is encroaching upon the ranges and demanding more and more land for farms. 

In earlier days, of course, vast tracts were roamed by cattle and sheep. 
There is considerable range land to be had for $5 and $15 an acre, but to 
a very large extent, within a few years, beef cattle will be raised in the 
valleys, for the conditions could not be bettered. The climatic condition 
enables the cattle to mature earlier than in cold climate, and it is said by 
stockmen that two-year-olds attain the size and match the weight of three-year- 




GREENFIELD ll.\lkVMi;X l.IKLWISi; HA\I HI i.\ i;,R\UL\(; 11' Tlli:iK U1:K1)S. THl^KE IS PLENTY OF ROOM 
TO MAKE MONTEREY THE DAIRYING CENTER OF CALIFORNIA. 

28 ,VU /!» 



SOUVENIR ^flQI'^ji EDITION 




SHEEP MEN WILL FIND MANY .AiJ\ AXTAGKS IX MONTEREY COUNXY, WHERE THE ANNUAL WOOL CLIP AT 
PRESENT IS APPROXIMATELY 150,000 POUNDS. THERE ARE MANY LARGE SHEEP RANCHES. 

olds in other states. Another attraction to the cattlemen is the beet pulp, 
which is used for fattening purposes, thousands of head of cattle being fed 
this by-product of the big sugar mill. Many of these are to be seen at 
Alisal, near Salinas. The equivalent of 100,000 tons of pulp is fed annually 
and thus what would otherwise be a waste product is turned into money for 
the farmer. 

The latest available figures on the cattle business show that there are 
32,400 beef cattle valued at $2,000,000, calves valued at $500,000 and 12,000 
hogs valued at $120,000 in the county. 




RAISING IS PARTICULARLY SUCCESSFUL IN MONTEREY COUNTY, THE FOALS HAVING THE 
ADVANTAGE OF FREEDOM OF THE FIELDS ALL YEAR ROUND. 



SOUVENIR 




CLIiiATlC 

29 




LIVE STOCK IS A LARGE INDUSTKV Ui' MONTEREY. liUT CATTLE VALUED AT NEARLY $3,000,000 ARE ON 
THE county's ASSESSMENT ROLLS. KING CITY IS AMONG THE FRUITFUL SHIPPING POINTS. 



Other interesting statistics will be found in the ai)[)eiuled table : 

Number Value 

Horses 200 $()0,()()0 

Staiuhird-bred Horses 3,(i00 ;«)(), 000 

Coiniuou 11,200 r)t)0,()00 

Colts 3,500 105,000 

Jacks and Jennies 30 Hi, 500 

Mules (iOO 0(i,(K)0 

Sheep 30 ,000 DO ,000 

Lambs 10,000 20,000 

Angora Goats 1 , SOO 7 , 200 

Common Goats 050 1 ,025 

The production of wool is placed at 180, 000 [xiunds in the average year, 
and the mohair production about 20,000 pounds. 

THE HONEY PRODUCTION 

Monterey County is one of llic leading bee counties in California, the 
annual output of lioney and beeswax being a very tidy sum. There is 
scarcely a section that does not i)rodnce honey in commercial (puiiitities, and 
the entire county seems to be esi)ecially adapted to the bee. The best results 
are obtained in the foothills, but the valleys also are jn'ofitable for stands. 
Not infrc(piently the bee man maintains his stands merely as a side issue, 
but there are some who specialize. 

There is ample raw material for bees, tlu' button sage being one of the 
best honey-bearing plants. Alfalfa also is of great value, and the extent to 
which it is grown is of great advantage to the bee keeper. 

The average yield of lioney is about 100 pounds to the stand, but in 
some instances 150 i)ounds are obtained, while there have been yields of 300 
to 400 i)ounds. 

Not much honey is sold in the comb. The price for extracted honey 
remains about $5 for a sixty-pound can, although the price for years had 

SOUVENIR 7(|9I'7)? EDITION 




A II I I'. !• \M 11 l\ \ M II ] I III M I \ \^ 1 r-, . Mil III l\ I N I'l!! HU ( I |i i\ Ml M i I ' , I II' I \ i ' il ' , I \ I I M I' I \ T 

KAriDi.v, I'lii'; A.\,\uAi. ouri'ur ai'1'K(j.\ima ri.Nt. §50,000 ai nil-; i-kI'.M'.M' iimI'.. 



been $4.50 a can. Two or three hundred stands, at this rate, will net the 
owner about $1,000 in the ordinary season. A good apiarist can do the work 
for two hundred stands alone, and with the help of an inexperienced hand 
for two months is able to manage three hundred stands. 

There is no comparison between the climate of JMonterey County and the 
l<]ast('i'n states when bees are considered. 

The official figures of the county assessment show tliat lliere are 8,000 
liives in the county, valued at $41,500. The annual [iroduetion is given at 
5,000 ])ounds of beeswax, valued at $1,500, and ',ilC),'r>00 pounds of honey, 
valued at $28,537. 

POULTRY IS PROMISING 

It would be difficult to lind a seetion in all California that is better 
adapted in every way for raising poultry. In fact Monterey County is a 
veritable paradise for the poultryman, and the annual e^^ production demon- 
strates tiuit the farmers are I'ealizing that this industry is of great 
importance. Not only have they a large hyme market, but the California 
market cannot be supplied in its poultry requirements, millions of dozens of 
eggs being imported annually. One of the greatest factors in favor of poultry 
in IMonterey County is the climate, which does not require that expensive 
housing be used. S(|uabs are raised for market and the returns are highly 
remunerative. 

The following statistics on i)oultry will prove interesting: 

Dozen Value 

Chickens 18,000 $72,000 

Ducks 2.50 1 , 125 

Geese 150 1,200 

Turkeys 400 4,800 

Eggs (annu:.lly) 720,000 144 ,000 

$223,125 
SOUVENIR f(l91'5)f EDITION 



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A PANORAMA OF BtAUTlfUL MONTEREY, SHOWING IN THE DISTANCE THE MATCHLESS SANDY BEACH, THE MAGNIFIC 

IN THE FOREGROUND IS THE MAJESTIC CYPRESS FOREST. SEARCH THE CON 



32 



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' />■ r< ':^ <- < 



\ / \ 



rhotoj^raph Copyrighted by R. J. Arnold. 
HARBOR WHERE SHIPS OF COMMERCE AND PLEASURE CRAFT MAY SEEK SHELTER FROM RAGING STORMS AT SEA; 
NT FROM COAST TO COAST AND NO MORE IDYLLIC SPOT COULD BE FOUND. 

33 








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STREET SCENE IN SALINAS, THE CAPITAL OF MONTEREY COUNTY; (MIDDLE) SALINAS CITY HALL; JIM BARDIN 
HOSPITAL, DONATED BY JIM BARDIN TO THE PUBLIC. 

34 




THRESHING BEANS NEAR SALINAS. THIS IS AMONG THE MONEY-MAKING i i;iil - ' 

AND IS BEING EXTENSIVELY DEVELOPED IN SEVERAL ShCllu.Nh. 



PROSPEROUS FARMING CENTERS 

There is not a single farming town of IMonterey County that is not pros- 
perous and progressive. The residents are always going ahead, and the 
county is blessed with magnificent public buildings, excellent schools, and 
comfortable homes and good roads.' The various embryo cities are equipped 
with electric lights and, for the most part, their streets are well paved. 
Salinas is the northernmost and, from north to south, the smaller places in 
the chain of valley centers are Chualar, Gonzales, Soledad, Greenfield, King 
City, San Lucas, San Ardo and Bradley. All of these, except Greenfield, 
are on the main line of the Southern Pacific railway. 

Salinas. 

Salinas, the county seat of Monterey, is an incorporated city of nearly 
6,000 inhabitants. It is located on the Southern Pacific main line, 118 miles 
south of San Francisco. Moss Landing is ten miles distant, and here vessels 
land and discharge and load freight to and from the country tributary to 
Salinas. 

Salinas is the most important commercial city in the county. Three miles 

■ '.;.-'./ /',///-'.■-//■./ / y ' ^ ■':''->' ^. '-■'■'/'■■■■': .'■ V '^ 




A Will, A 1 
LMMLXSl: 



niKlMIING SCENE NEAR SALINAS. WHEN WHEAT WAS KING IN CALIFORNIA'S GREAT VALLEYS 
At;KEAGE WAS PLANTED TO GRAIN AND THERE ARE SOME BIG RANCHES IN MONTEREY COUNTY. 



SOUVENIR f{i9l'5)? EDITION 




:'M III f^^ir' Hi" - 



Mli 




Cl 1 I. I \> OF MONTEREY ■ ■,' i ■:■.-; I ■, . i 1 I M i \ IC \i 1 l i; ^ i I I 1 1 I I K sCHOOi, 

BUILDINGS. TOP, SOLEDAD SCHOOL. MIDDLE, SALINAS UIGU SCHOOL. BOTTOM, GONZALES GKAMMAK SCHOOL. 

36 



away is tlie largest sugai- mill in the world, located at Spreckels, and 
surrounding the city for many miles are the richest acres in all tliat rich 
section of California. 

The streets are well paved, ;iii(l llici-c ai'c good hotels, business blocks, 
banks, fraternal halls, an armory, opera house, eight church buildings, an ice 
plant, a brewer^y, a planing mill and a ei-eamery. 

The schools are exeeplionally good, and there is an exceHeut high sehool 
building, tlie graduales of which are accredited to Hie universities ol' 
Calirornia. 

The eily hall is atii'aetive, and so is the court house and tiu' libi-ary, and 
the IVee county librai'y is an instil ntion that is popular anu)ng all classes. 

Tliei-e are foiir subslanlial banks in the city, and each maintains a 
savings depai'lment. 

Tliei-e ai-e two public parks, excellenlly maintained, gas and electric lights, 
and good water I'rom deep wells. 

Annually Salinas holds a " P.ig Week," which is one of the recognized 
carnivals of the AVest. During these festive days there gather at Salinas 
cowboys and daring men from all sections, and they perform tricks with 
lariat, horses and steei's that bi'ing to mind the boi'der days that have 
vanished. 

Salinas will continue its natural growth, lor the reason that the country 
surrounding it is rich agriculturally, and the i-esidents of the city its.elf have 
not been backAvard in recognizing this fact and embracing the opportunity 
that awaited the development of that entire section. Some of the large ranch 
holdings have been subdivided through the iuHuence of Salinas citizens, and 
there was not the slightest difficulty in inducing settlers to conu^ and enjoy 
the greatest growing clinuite and the richest producing soil to be found in 
all that valley. 

Chualar. 

Chualai' has 150 inhabitants, and dairying is interesting the farmers to a 
considerable degree. This section has been devoted largely to gi'ain, but it 
has been foniul that nearly all croi)s will yield handsome I'etui'us. 

Gonzales. 

Gonzales is the county's largest dairying town. Throughout this section 
alfalfa is grown and more than 7,000 cows are now milked there and the 
supply sold to the Al()ine Evaporated Cream Company, which maintains a 
large plant there. This old town is growing, and substantial l)uil(lings ai-e 
being erected. There is an excellent bank, and the section has good 
highways. 

Soledad. 

Soledad, with 400 population, is thriving, dairying and sugar-beet raising 
bringing the farmers handsome retui'iis. There is an excellent country 
around Soledad, and of late irrigation has become well advanced. The 
Spreckels Sugar Company ojx'rates two I'anches near Soledad with a total 
acreage of 0,200 acres. 

Fort Romie. 

Fort Komi(; is otf the railroad, using Soledad as its shi[)ping point. Here 
is one of the three fai-m colonies in America conducted by the Salvation 
Army. Origiimlly this S(!ction was embraced in four ranches — San Jojo, 
Fort Romie, ]Mission Soledad and Spreckels Ranch — extending from the 
Salinas River on the west to the foothills. Over a century ago this land was 
cultivated by the fathers of Mission Soledad. They built irrigating canals, 

SOUVENIR 7(j9l'5)? EDITION 



m^&^'O^'j^t^'^ 



y.ymA'-wr^j^-^mM 




. ' 'i""f ' »'" II" \ 



2HHD 




KING CITY HAS MODERN EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES, RECENTLY HAVING COMPLETED A $20,000 GRAMMAR 
SCHOOL AND A $35,000 HIGH SCHOOL. THERE IS A LARGE ATTENDANCE AT BOTH SCHOOLS. 

and when ten years ago the Monterey County Land & Water Company 
began the installation of a new ditch system it was found that the century- 
old canal lines were the best to follow. The water is obtained from the 
Arroyo Seco, This is supplemented by many pumping plants, the wells of 
which are about one hundred feet deep. 

Alfalfa is the principal crop grown, the acreage being greater than all 
other crops. Five and six cuttings give a seasonal yield of seven and one-half 
to eight and a half tons to the acre, besides giving ample winter pasture. 

The white carrot is grown extensively, being fed to horses, cows, and 
hogs. The yield is sixty to ninety tons to the acre. Potatoes have done well, 
but are being superseded by sugar-beets. Dairying will be in vogue soon, 
and poultry raising is receiving considerable attention. Much honey is 
obtained from the foothill stands. All fruits do exceedingly well. 

Greenfield. 

Greenfield, situated between Soledad and King City, is prospering, alfalfa 
fields keeping the entire section green. There are large seed farms here, 
shipping principally onion, radish and cabbage seed. Of late years fruit is 
taking a pi'omiiient place in the development of the section, sevei-al orcliards 




THERE ARE MANY PICTURESQUE DRIVES THROUGHOUT MONTEREY COUNTY AND THE HIGHWAYS IN GEN- 
ERAL ARE MAINTAINED AT A HIGH STANDARD. ROAD BETWEEN JOLON VALLEY AND KING CITY. 

SOUVENIR ^ilQI"?)? EDITION 




y.':r. 







Ki\i. ( I n 11 \s wi 1,1. I. in >i iM I I -. Mil M \ 1 I iih.iiw \-^ u 1 1 I I ^1 i ii i^- - i im i r \- i ii i m \i\ j-;oi'te 

NUKIH A.ND t.OL 111. ALRhAUV AUTUlSiS ARE ATTKACTEU TO IT. 

having been set out within a few years. Greenfield was established at a time 
when direful predictions were made as to its ultimate success, but it has made 
good in every particular. 

King City. 

The first impression one gets of King City is most favorable. Here are 
broad streets, lined with substantial buildings, and a spirit of progress 
pervades the little town, which has more than doubled its population within 
three years. 

It would be hard to find a little city with better natural advantages than 
King City. The country around it is rich and the territory is extensive. The 
city has not been slow to recognize the advantages it possesses, and there are 
electric lights, a good water system, good hotels, stores, shops, and excellent 
schools and churches. The latest addition to the city is a $20,000 grammar 
school and a $35,000 high school, each of which is a credit to the district. 

The coast branch of the new $18,000,000 California State highway runs 
through the heart of King City, its fine broad Main Street being part of the 
route north and south. 




THERE ARE 8,000 ACRES IN THIS RANCH WHICH IS ONE OF THE LARGEST GRAIN RANCHES IN MONTEREY 
COUNTY. VERY RAPIDLY THE LARGE HOLDINGS ARE BEING CUT UP INTO SMALLER FARMS. 

39 



SOUVENIR 




EDITION 




■i 


II 


' " ^ '■ , \ 


/^' ;■ , N 


\S A LARGE 



ONK (JF THK I'lNKSX HIGH SCHOOLS IN ALL CALUFORXIA IS THE K.1XG CITY SCHOOL, WHICH H 
ATTENDANCE. THIS BUILDING COST $35,000 AND IS MODERN IN EVERY DETAIL. 

The large warehouse of the Salinas Valley Hay & Storage Company is a 
factor in giving King City prestige as a grain center. Another industrial 
feature is the plant of the King City Gypsum Company, which has a mine 
near by. 

San Lucas. 

San Lucas, having a population of nearly 500, is the center of a large area, 
devoted mostly to the raising of grain and general farming. One of the 
richest tributary districts is embraced in the Trescony Grant, on which are 
many tenants. Peachtree, Jolon, Long and AVhite Horse valleys and the 
Freeman Flat are included in San Lncas territory. Large shipments of cattle 
are made from here, and San Lucas horses are known in the markets of 
California. 



San Ardo. 

Stock raising and grain growing are the principal occupations of the 
residents surrounding San Ardo, which has a town population of 500. This is 
the distributing point for a rich portion of the Salinas Valley and for the 




RANCH HOUSES NESTLE AMONG GREAT SHAPE TREES I.N MUMEREV COLMV. THIS PLACE, IN THE VICINITY 
OF SAN LUCAS, GIVES ONE AN IDEA OF THE GREAT PRLNCIPALITIES NOW RAPIDLY DISAPPEARING, 

SOUVENIR 5( 1913)5 EDITION 



■\~\<"< 



^^_ 







C. IL 




IN THE VICINITY OF SAN AltDO GRAIN IS GROWN ON AN EXTENSIVE SCALE AND THE VAST FIELDS STRETCH 
FORTH AS FAR AS THE EYE CAN SEE OR THE CAMERA RECORD. 

Poncho Rieo and I'ine valleys and Sargent's Canyon. A large steel and 
concrete bridge here spans the Salinas River, affording communication with a 
section long neglected. Dairying is on the increase in this section, and gives 
promise of great future development. 

Bradley. 

At the head of the Salinas Valley is Bradley, which has a population of 
500. Hames and Indian Valley are tributary. The San Antonio River joins 
the Salinas River at this place. Bradley is 196 miles south of San Francisco. 
Much grain is grown in the county surrounding Bradley. 

Moss Landing. 

]\Ioss Landing, situated on ]\Ionterey Bay, where the Salinas River and 
Elkhorn Slough empty into it, is important as a shipping point. The Pacific 
Coast Steamship Company has a wharf here and vessels belonging to that 
concern make regular calls at this port. The South Coast Steamship Com- 
pany's boats also put in here for cargoes. A considerable tonnage is handled 
at this port. 




MONTEREY COUNTY BARLEY IS SOL Gil L J.A(;j:KIA' BY THE BUVEKS OF THE WORLD. THIS BARLEY, 
ON ONE CORNER OF A BRADLEY RANCH, IS ALL READY FOR MARKET. 



SOUVENIR 7M9I'7)S EDITION 



41 



XHK BAV Ui' MOiNlhRLY Al Mus^ LANDliNu, A bHlPPlNG PUXN i SITUATKU AT THK MOUTH OF SAUNAS. 
THOUSANDS OF TONS OF GRAINS AND PRODUCE FIND AN OUTLET BY THE ROUTE. 

Del Monte Junction (Castroville.) 

Del Monte Junction is the new name given to Castroville. Here the trains 
of the main line of the Southern Pacific meet the branch line trains going to 
Monterey peninsula. It is two miles from Moss Landing, and the population 
is nearly 900. Dairying is well developed here, as is horticulture. The 
vegetable production of the region is large, potatoes being an item of 
importance. 

Watsonville Junction (Pajaro.) 

Pajaro has been renamed AVatsonville Junction, and rapidly is becoming a 
lively little city. As its new name implies, it is an important railroad point, 
the Southern Pacific maintaining its headquarters for this division here. It 
is in the heart of the great apple country and naturally is an important 
shipping center, 

Spreckels. 

Spreckels, where is situated the largest beet-sugar factory in the world, is 
made up largely of employes of the Spreckels Sugar Company. One of the 







IKANSi 
42 



ORiATlUN FACILITIES AKE LXCLLLLNT IN MONIEKLV COUNTY. THIS lb A TKALN LOAD OF W HF:AT 
EN ROUTE TO MOSS LANDING, WHERE IT WILL BE PUT ABOARD A VESSEL. 







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1 

i 




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1 


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ROLLING UAKLi:V OX USE OF TIIK LARGE RANCHKS IN I'HI'. JOl.oX VAIJ.IV !.N MON ILKKY LCJUNTV. Illls 
IS JUST ANOTHER EVIDENCE OF THE DIVERSITY OF FARMING IN THIS SECTION. 

boasts of Spreckels is the excellent fire-protection system it has. It is de- 
clared to be superior to that of many towns of greater size. Spreckels is 
three miles from Salinas. 

Jolon, 

The principal town of the Jolon Valley is the town of that name, with a 
population of 250. In the valley are Lockwood, which is near the center of 
the valley, and Pleyto. Here there is a vast territory of rich undeveloped 
acreage, obtainable at very low prices. 

Smaller Towns. 

There are several smaller towns. Between Soledad and King City is Metz. 
Parkfield is the center of the Cholame Valley. In the north, Prunedale, in the 
San Miguel Canyon, is of note as a shipping point, apples and apricots being 
the specialties of the tributary country. Aromas, near Watsonville Junction, 
also is coming to the front as a producer of apricots. In this vicinity there 
are some excellent lands to be had. 




THIS WAR I : Ho I Si- , IHi, i'Kol'l I; I \ ol' THi: S. P. M I I M \i , ( o\i i- \ \ N , |> oM , il 1 III-: LARGEST IN CALIFORNIA, 
I3KL\C 750 I'LLT IX LENGXil. IT IS SIXLATED AX KLNG CITY. 

43 




SOUVENIR 5(l9I'7)i EDITION 



THE RESORT SECTION 

The Monterey peninsula lias the grandest seaside climate in the country 
That IS not merely an idle statement, as may be seen by a reference to the 
charts kept by the United States AVeather l^nreau. This record for four 
successive years gives the mean temperature of the peninsula as follows: 

•!-'"?"''>'">■ April July October 

54 decrees 50 degrees 51 degrees 59 degrees 

54 degrees 50 degrees 58 degrees 58 lelrees 

53 degrees 51 degrees 56 degrees 50 degrees 

53 degrees 50 degrees 58 degrees 54 degrees 

p ^-f"^}^'''^"® typical midwinter and midsummer temperatures at IMonterey and 
J acihc Grove with the corresponding- figures for some noted European and 
African resorts and touring regions, and this will be noted. 

January July 

Monterey and Pacific Grove 52 58 

Mentone, France 40 73 

Naples, Italy [ [[ 45 yg 

Algiers, Africa ' ' 52 75 

And while one is considering climate, an idea of that prevailing in the 
Ulterior of this county is appended, the following tabulation being taken from 
official records for many years : 



Station 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


April 

50.2 

55.8 
55.8 
57.3 


May 


June 


July 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Annua 


King City 


48.4 
50.2 
48.2 
47.1 


48.8 
51 . 2 
50.3 
50.2 


53.5 
53.9 

52.7 
53 . G 


59. G 
58.3 
GO.O 
G2.3 


G3.7 
00.8 
02. 
05 . 5 


07.0 
01.0 
02.7 
GO.l 


60.4 
01.9 
01. () 
05 . 1 


00.0 
61.5 
01.1 
04.9 


59.3 

58.2 
57 . 5 
59.8 


53.8 
54.3 
53.1 
53.2 


49.0 
51.7 
50.1 
49.3 




^Jontcrey 

Salinas 

Soledad 


57.6 
50.6 
50.3 
57.9 



It will be noted in a reference to the weather reports from the continental 
resorts that here is a wide range of thirty-three degrees at one of the most 
celebrated resorts on the south coast of France. 

On the ]\ronterey peninsula the variation is but seven degrees! 

There is no such climate in the world, search Mdiere you will It is 
superior to that of Honolulu, for the climate of the peninsula is invigorating 
not enervating. It surpasses the famed Riviera, on the south coast of France' 
with Its dry and irritating winds. St. Augustine, in Florida, shows a mean 
temperature m January of fifty-nine degrees, and a mean temperature in 
July of seventy-seven degrees, with a rainfall for the year of fifty-five inches 

iMonterey peninsula has 293 clear, sunshiny days a year! 

The rainfall is not excessive, and the rainy season is not continuous. It is 
truly said that there are days of rain and weeks of sunshine. 

One authority puts it concretely this way: 

/'There is not only less rain, but more fair and beautiful days than in the 
cities ot the Atlantic Coast from Newport to New Orleans. After each shower 
the sun comes out warm, and in a single day after the severest storm there 
are no traces left of the visitation, save in firmer roads and grounds and 
fresh growths of grass and flowers." 

Climate is Nature's rarest gift. Verily, IMonterey is the ''Empire of 
Uimate. It is unexcelled in the West as it is unsurpassed in the East The 
North does not match it, nor the South approach it. 

It is not surprising that the peninsula is building up with homes This 
raagnihcent country overlooks the beautiful bay of iMonterey, discovered in 
\bVZ by Sebastian Vizcaino. The hills are covered with Monterey pines and 
Alonterey cypress, and other trees pictured and painted by celebrated writers 
and artists. 

On the north shore of the peninsula is a long, narrow, settled region 
practically a single city, but divided politically. Westernmost is Pacific 

44 



SOUVENIR 5(l9l'5)^ EDITION 



Grove. Then comes Monterey, spreading back from the beach toward the 
majestic hills. The Hotel Del Monte is east of Monterey, and farther east are 
Seaside, Del Monte Heights and other divisions. Across the peninsula are 
Carmel-by-the-Sea and Pebble Beach. 

The Monterey & Pacific Grove Railroad operates a trolley system that 
links Pacific Grove, Monterey and Del ]\Ionte together, and a loop line in 
Montere}^ runs to the Presidio. Another trolley line in the Seaside district 
connects with Ihe main system, thus making a complete line of seven miles. 

The permanent population of the peninsula is more than 10,000, but during 
summer months this num])er climbs to more than twice that number. 

FAMOUS DRIVES 

Scarcely a pleasure-seeker who does not know of the beauties of the 
Seventeen-mile Drive on the IMonterey peninsula. Now another drive has 
been built, and it is called Scenic Boulevard. These two drives are forty-two 
miles long, while half a dozen minor roadways bring the total mileage to fifty 
miles. These roads wind through forest, climb cliffs and skirt the shore of 
the sea. They were especially designed for the convenience and pleasure of 
the motorist, who may send his car whirring along without shifting gears, 
the average grade being two per cent, and the highest is six per cent. The 
roads are macadamized and are kept in perfect repair. 

Along the Seventeen-mile Drive there are many attractions. From Pacific 
Grove one soon reaches points of more than passing interest — Point Joe, 
Restless Sea, Bird Rocks, Seal Rocks, Fan Shell Beach, the Ostrich Tree — a 
pair of cypress trees tAvisted by the wind into the shape of an ostrich — Cypress 
Point, Cypress Grove and MidAvay Point. The Seal Rocks comprise the largest 
seal rookeries on the Pacific Coast. 

At Cypress Grove the road leads through the narrow restricted grove of 
IMonterey cypress — one of the two groves extant, the other being on Point 
Lobos on the south of Carmel Bay. 

MARINE LIFE AT MONTEREY 

The marine life in IMonterey Bay is said to be the most abundant and as 
wonderful as found anywhere in the world. It is the extreme soul hern 
habitat of the cold water fish and the northern limit of the run of the warm 
water fish. This results in a great variety of fish. Of the twenty-eight 
varieties of cod on the Pacific Coast twenty are found here, and there are 
fifteen varieties of mackerel. 

Viewed from one of the glass-bottom boats in the bay one marvels at the 
panorama of the depths — an endless variety of fish moving about the surpris- 
ing growths of plant life at the bottom. 

The bay is a great favorite among sportsmen, for here are caught tlie 
steelhead trout, salmon, sea bass, yellow tail, barracuda, and occasionally a 
tuna finds its way into these waters. The salmon is trolled for at varying 
depths, the detachable sinker being used. In all, there are 150 species of food 
fish found in the bay. 

The abundance of fish hereabouts naturally results in commercial 
activity along this line. The shipments of fresh fish to the market around 
San Francisco and the bay region are considerable, about 600,000 pounds of 
salmon being sent out annually, and fully 1,500,000 pounds of other fish. 
Fish canneries located on the shore of IMonterey Bay have an output approxi- 
mating a quarter of a million dollars annually. 

IMonterey has two plants, operated by the Pacific Fish Company and the 
Booth Packing Company. Salmon and sardines are put up here. The Point 
Lobos Canning Company packs abalones at its plant south of Carmel Bay, 
and abalones are also packed at Point Sur. 

SOUVENIR fllQn)? EDITION 




THIS BEAUTIFUL BEACH AT PACIFIC GROVE IS SOUGHT BY THOUSANDS IN SEARCH OF SUMMER 

THE WHOLE FAMILY GOES A-BATHING OR A-BOATING IN THE GLASS BOTTOM BOATS 
46 



A MAGNIFICENT HARBOR 

Monterey harbor, almost a hundred miles south of the Golden Gate, lies 
at the southern tip of the great sweep of the bay of Monterey. To the south 
and east it is protected by mountains and hills. On the north the winds are 
broken by the Santa Cruz Mountains. Pigeon Point, on the l)ay's north end, 
extends farther to the west than the outermost rock of the Monterey 
peninsula. The harbor is absolutely free from rocks and shoals, and its 
entrance is not made dangerous by a sand-bar. 

The best harbor in a strip of several hundred miles of coast, according to 
the government engineers, this has but one defect. Continued storms create 
an undertow which causes vessels to chafe against the piers. To overcome 
this, a breakwater, estimated to cost $800,000, is recommended by the Federal 
engineering corps. 

This is the way the Monterey Chamber of Commerce officially states the 
situation : 

"California needs every harbor facility that it possibly can attain. At 
Monterey there is located one of the best harbors on the Coast. The United 
States Board of Engineers on Rivers and Harbors says that a breakwater 
costing $800,000 is needed to perfect and make this harbor a most useful 
adjunct to the transportation of the Pacific Coast. This Board of Engineers 
has recommended that the Congress of the United States do appropriate 
$600,000 toward the said improvement, if the local interests will contribute 
$200,000 toward the same." These appropriations have been made. 

"Only wharves and not anchorage need protection," explains D. E. 
Hughes, assistant engineer in the United State corps of engineers, who made 
the report on this harbor. Engineer Hughes says a breakwater only 2,000 
feet long would amply protect all existing wharves used in shipping. Every 
addition to this length would protect, more wharf sites. A length of 2,500 
feet would be sufficient for the prospective needs of the near future, and it 
is the basis of estimate in this report. 

The Board of Supervisors of Monterey County also has an official word to 
say of this fine harbor. This governing body says: 

"Monterey Bay is one of the largest on the Coast, being over twenty miles 
in width at the mouth, ten miles inland, and in shape resembling a horseshoe. 
The harbor in this bay is unequaled on the Pacific Ocean. The largest battle- 
ships of our navy find shelter within 100 feet of the shore; and, during heavy 
storms at sea, it is not unusual to see ships of different nations anchored in 
the calm waters of Monterey Bay. Reports from the most noted navigators 
credit this bay as the safest, and predict the day is not far off when this will 
be one of the first ports of the nation." 

Monterey is the nearest harbor for a part of California embracing 11,000,- 
000 acres of arable land; the focal points in this area can be brought 40 to 
160 miles nearer tidewater by connections with Monterey. North of the 
Tehachapi and San Luis Obispo passes it is the nearest port to the great oil 
belt of central California. 

The region tributary to Monterey as a seaport is one-fifth of the total area 
of the State, and, although containing no large cities, has one-tenth of the 
assessed valuation and about the same proportion of California's population. 
The territory in the immediate vicinity, including three counties, according 
to the Monterey Chamber of Commerce, produces approximately 2,250,000 
tons of commercial products annually. 

"The City of Monterey," writes its Chamber of Commerce, "has now an 
actual water transportation of over 550,000 tons per annum and a rail ship- 
ment of from 150,000 to 200,000 tons per annum. 

47 



SOUVENIR 







S 



.1^' - Tii^- '^ '" 'lii iiii J 



w 





ft 



'/.' . 



V| 



THIS IS ONE OF THE MONTEREY COUNTY HIGH SCHOOLS. IT IS SITUATED AT MONTEREY CITY AND IS 
ACCREDITED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. 

"There are vast deposits of low-grade minerals in this vicinity that could 
be very successfully shipped out of here at a profit with water transportation, 
if we had harbor improvements that would make the loading of larger vessels 
here cheap and easy, such as sand, stone, lime and gravel." 

Monterey controls its waterfront, being given the right to lease for fifty 
years at a time strips not more than 300 feet long. The only frontage not in 
the ownership of the city is that controlled by the United States Government, 
1,200 feet long. 

A PROJECTED RAILROAD 

Monterey, enjoying both rail and water transportation facilities, desires 
very much the construction of a railroad that will tap the heart of the San 
Joaquin Valley, now distant 300 miles by rail. There is no direct outlet to 
the ocean for the great valley, and the construction of such a line, it is 
declared, will open up a vast territory now only thinly settled. 

It may be seen readily that the operation of such a railroad would bring 
from the interior of California thousands of persons for the summer, for here 
they find every advantage for rest and recreation. 



ppp^' ' 




.y / y / - •' . 


• / / • X / / 


• / - 


/ 


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THERE \KI M \il kdUS STATELY HOMES ON THE SHORES OF MONTEREY BAY. TRAVELERS HAVE GONE 
ALL OVER THE WORLD IN SEARCH OF SUCH SCENES AND CLIMATE ONLY TO SETTLE HERE. 

SOUVENIR 5(l91'5)i EDITION 




5EAUTIFUL HOMES LIKE THESE ARE TO BE FdlMi i i\ IHE SHORES OF MONTEREY BAY, A 
DELIGHTFUL RESIDENCE ^KCITUX. 



THE CITY OF MONTEREY 

In Monterey was the beginning of things in California, and tliere yet 
lingers the romance of the days of old, the days "before the gringo came." 
In 1602 came Vizcaino, who named the beantiful bay in honor of Gaspar de 
Zuniga, Count of Monterey and Viceroy of IMexico. In 1770 Junipero Serra 
landed to colonize IMonterey, and in the Presidio is to be seen the monument 
erected in his memory by the late I\Irs. Jane L. Stanford. And, near the 
Catholic Church will be found the Junipero Oak, under which the first mass 
was said in California. 

There are innumerable interesting points in Monterey that are cherished 
in this bustling twentieth century. There are the residences of General Alva- 
rado and General Castro, and the Pacific Hotel, built in 1834; the first adobe 
erected has crumbled long since, but the first frame building still stands and 
also the first brick building built in this State. And there is the rose that 
General W. T. Sherman, then a lieutenant, planted in honor of his sweetheart, 
Senorita Bonifacio. 

In 1822 California fell into the hands of the Mexicans, and the first 
Custom House was erected in 1824, over which Commodore Sloat raised the 
American flag in 1846. The old Washington Hotel, built in 1832, had been 
the haunt of famous men, the house occupied by beloved Robert Louis Steven- 
son during his stay in Monterey, in 1879, stands near by. The ruins of a 
convent built in 1797 may still be traced, and the old theatre in which Jenny 
Lind sang is a relic of the days before the "rush to the gold fields." There is 
the home of Thomas 0. Larkin, United States consul, whose letter to Wash- 
ington inspired the interest of the United States in the land of gold. 

Following the war with Mexico California became territory of the 
United States, and under the Stars and Stripes Monterey long held its 
political eminence. On September 1, 1849, the first Constitutional convention 

49 



SOUVENIR 





THE OLD AND THE NEW IN MONTEREY. THE UPPER PICTURE IS OF COLTON HALL, THE FIRST CAPITOL OF 
CALIFORNIA AND BELOW IS A MODERN MISSION-STYLE HOME HERE. 

SO 



was held in Colton Hall and the foundation laid for the admission of Cali- 
fornia to the Union. 

Monterey was discovered before the landing at Plymouth Rock, and, a 
century later, it was the scene of Junipero Serra's activities. Monterey knew 
Fremont, and here came all the sterling characters of the period when men 
set forth to conquer continents. 

On every side there are evidences of those dreamy days. But one must 
liave historical data stored up or seek some one who has the time, knowledge, 
and inclination to entertain, for the Monterey of today is decidedly modern, 
and men have little time for the tales of the tireside on a winter's night. 

Modern Monterey is a city of 5,000 inhabitants, and within walking 
distance of its legal limits are nearly as many more. The city has a recog- 
nized commercial importance, and its well paved streets are lined with 
prosperous stores and roomy office buildings. 

Much of the output of California's oil fields, carried by pipe line, is 
shipped from Monterey. 

The Presidio is one of the most important military posts in the country. 
It was a Spanish garrison before the Mexicans took over the territory and 
government. Prior to the Spanish-American war there was little activity at 
]\Ionterey Presidio, but since then it has been kept on a ten-company basis, 
and not infrequently army transports have docked at Monterey to discharge 
or take on troops destined for duty either there or at the Philippine posts. 
Tlie total population of the Presidio, military and civilian, approximates 1,500. 

Besides the trolley system, gas and electric service and other similar assets, 
the city has expended recently $50,000 in street improvements. 

PACIFIC GROVE 

A more ideal location for public schools than Pacific Grove does not exist. 
Here on the Monterey peninsula forest and water meet and the fragrance of 
the pine combines with the cool salt breeze from off the Pacific to energize 
mind and body to do their best. In addition to all this and a most equable 
climate, are offered superior moral and intellectual advantage?:. 

No saloons, gambling or other disreputable houses are allowed, being not 
only prohibited by ordinance, but such prohibition being enforced by a 
forfeiture clause in every deed to real property. 

Pacific Grove is a church-going community. The Methodists, Congre- 
gationalists. Episcopalians, Disciples, Baptists and United Presbyterians have 
organizations with church buildings at once handsome and commodious as 
well as up-to-date in the matter of Sunday school equipment. 

The flora and fauna of the Monterey peninsula and bay in their natural 
condition and also as exhibited in the Pacific Grove museum, are very 
extensive, present an ever increasing attraction to scientists, and are favor- 
ably known to those of Europe as well as those of North America. 

Founded as a camp meeting resort, the Methodist Episcopal churches in 
northern and central California still hold at Pacific Grove their annual 
conference ; the Chautauqua Assembly offers for two weeks during each July 
a most interesting and attractive program. Other conventions are here held 
annually; while the close proximity of the Hotel Del Monte makes it possible 
to frequently secure speakers of national and often of world-wide reputation. 

With such natural and acquired advantages there have grown up public 
schools of which its citizens feel justly proud. Recently a parent inquiring 
at the office of the State Superintendent of Education as to the most desirable 
place at which to educate his son was advised to go to Pacific Grove, which 
he promptly did. 

In 1911 the High School was provided with a separate building at a cost 
of $40,000, exclusive of equipment and some four acres of grounds. That 

t\T\t /,l>» 5 1 

SOUVENIR ?{|9l'5)i EDITION 




PA( iFK c;ki>\'[; bi 



52 



JI'.VF.S IN ('.(HID SCHOOLS AND IN CHURCHES. THE SPLENDID HICH SCHOOL 
SHOWN ABOVE IS A MODEL MUCH COPIED. 





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PACIFIC GROVE HAS A CARNEGIE LIBRARY WHICH IS FOUND AS USEFUL AS ORNAMENTAL BY THE PEOPLE 

FOR WHOM IT WAS BUILT AND EQUIPPED. 



this building is a success from an architectural as well as educational point 
of view is evidenced by the fact that it has already served as a model for 
seveial similar buildings elsewhere. 

Among the eleven members composing the 1913 faculty of the High School 
may be found graduates from Bryn ]\Iawr, the universities of California, 
Colorado, Stanford, the State Normal, and other favorably known institutions. 
The science department is equipped with some of the latest apparatus avail- 
able for such purpose; in fact no reasonable expense has been spared in 
supplying the needs of each class room. A commercial department has 
recently been added under the supervision of an experienced specialist in this 
line, giving all his time to such work, and a two-year course laid out, making 
it far superior to the courses advertised by any of the business colleges. 
Another instructor gives all his time to manual training and still another to 
domestic science and household arts, it being the intention that the boys shall 
receive attention in the former equal in all respects to that given the girls in 
the latter courses. Modern languages, German, French and Spanish are taught. 
The enrollment at present is considerably in excess of one hundred pupils. 

In the Grammar School there are nine regular and five special teachers, 
several of whom are university graduates. Here the enrollment is about three 
hundred and fifty. Not only is the work made extremely interesting, but in 
both schools there are well qualified instructors in athletics and physical 
culture, and a commodious gymnasium available for use through the gener- 
osity of the Pacific Improvement Company, so that after school hours there 
is plenty of wholesome recreation to keep the boys and girls busy. 

Under these circumstances it is not surprising that more and more, and 
the present season in much larger numbers than ever before, parents are 
moving to Pacific Grove not only from adjacent towns in Monterey County, 
but from all over the State, that their children may enjoy the superior 
educational advantages here afforded. 

SOUVENIR |{l91'5)| EDITION 



, / / / .////< 



V ■///'■ 




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PACIFIC GROVE IS A REAL FESTIVE CITY. MANY CONVENTIONS MEET HERE AND THE CIVIC CELEBRA- 
TIONS ATTRACT NUMEROUS PERSONS FROM FAR AND NEAR. 

Pacific Grove lias a periuancnt population of 3,500, and some of the most 
beautiful and artistic homes on the peninsula are located here. It is set on 
the rocky clififs of the outer peninsula but is well sheltered by the wo.ods that 
gave it its name. 

This is one of the two places on the Pacific Coast where glass-bottom boats 
are used to give a glimpse of the wonderful life beneath the surface. These 
marine gardens are noted for their beauty, the clear waters along the coast 
giving a perfect view of the greatest of all acpiariums. 

One of the hotels, the Pacific Grove Hotel, is run in conjunction with Del 
Monte, under the same management. Besides there are scores of cottages 
to be had for the season, and the Del Mar Hotel. 

One of the notable features is the Lantern Festival in July of each year, 
when land and water are lighted. 

On Lovers' Point there is a large bath-house, besides a beach. This is not 
the only attraction. 

CARMEL-BY-THE-SEA 

Carmel-1)y-the-Sea is in the angle formed by two ranges of hills, one 
running in a g(^nerally easterly and westerly direction, forming the backbone 




BEAUTUUL HOMES (»\ Ek LOOKING OCEAN AND GROVEAT PACIFIC GROVE. IT HAS BEEN TRULY SATO TH VT 
THIS IS ESSENTIALLY A HOME CITY. 

54 



SOUVENIR ^(I^I'^JS EDITION 




iiii MA \\iii:r1', ci'Airs ikilh^ im>ki'ii. iiii> i-ii \i iiii i. ^i.ciihn, wiiicii fikst at'I'km 

JUXIPERO SEREA, NOW LURES THOSE WHO LOVE NATURE AND HER WORKS OF ART. 



of the IMonterey peninsula, and the other at right angles to it, forming the 
natural barrier between the Carmel Bay and the Carmel River territories. In 
this angle has grown a forest of pines, not insignificant striplings, but sub- 
stantial forest trees. Immediately back of the town, along Carmel River, is a 
valley thirty miles long of rich alluvial soil. The width varies from one-half 
mile to two miles. 

To the west is the ocean, the water of which is never colder than 
fifty-five degrees nor hotter than sixty-five degrees. The long strip of thirty 
miles of alluvial soil in the valley acts as an equalizing factor by furnishing 
currents of warmer or cooler air whenever the land and ocean temperatures 
differ. For that reason Carmel 's temperature is never twenty degrees lower 
nor higher than the ocean's temperature, varying between forty degrees and 
eighty-five degrees as extremes. 

Over sixty per cent of the residents of the town are devoting their lives 
to work connected with the aesthetic arts, as broadly defined. College pro- 
fessors, artists, writers, poets, and professional men find the surroundings 
conducive to their best work. The Arts and Crafts Club, the Free Library, 
the Town Hall, the Gentlemen's Social Club, the Ceramic Club all show an 
unusual public interest in worthy purposes. 




,1(11 \ hi i-M.nii nv ri \' II \ I I \i-:\iM i;\ i iii -,i \ ! i\ ^i \ni i i: i i i ^ i;i \i i mi i i \ ( \i \i wn i\ 

WJNTER THE POUNDING OF THE CEASELESS SL RE IS ilLSlC TO THE EAR. 



SOUVENIR fflQl'^jS EDITION 




PINi. ]i\N, A iNUTKUOKTllY KKSOKT AT CAiiMEL-BY-THE-SEA AND (liELUWj A GLIMPSE OF THE BAY FROM. 

THE CITY ITSELF. 



56 



Facilities for enjoyment are numerous, including a bath-house, public 
tennis courts, bowling alleys, a golf course, a magnificent library of two 
thousand volumes, and miles of excellent walks through scenic wonders. 

The Forest theatre has won a notable place in a few years since its 
foundation. The theatre is in the open, on a wooded hillside, the slope of 
which forms the auditorium and the trees — the distinctive trees of the 
peninsula — are the scenery. 

The IMission of Carmelo is at the foot of the town. One of the best pre- 
served of old California missions, it holds the richly embroidered robes of 
Juuipero Serra, founder of the missions of this State, and here marks the 
final resting place of that noted man. 

Near Carmel is the Carnegie Botanical Institute, one of the foremost insti- 
tutions of its kind in America. 

Carmel Valley is growing some of the finest apples ever exhibited, and 
there are scattered throughout the Carmel foothills cherry and peach orchards 
and several small vineyards, evidence that all the interior land needs is 
thrifty culture to make it support many thousand persons. 

No saloons are permitted in Carmel. 

HOTEL DEL MONTE 

Hotel Del Monte is one of California's famous resorts. It lies east of 
^lonterey. The building is of Swiss architecture, being shaped like an E. 
Fire-proof arcades connect the main structure and the annexes. The dining 
room in the plaza has a capacity of 750, and the hotel has over 500 rooms. 

The 125 acres of lawns and flower-beds are the result of a quarter of a 
century of landscape-gardening. Examples of all the principal trees of the 
Pacific Coast are planted here, and a similar feature is the Arizona cactus 
garden. The greenhouses are extensive. The hotel grounds contain 1,366 
varieties of plant life, including seventy-eight varieties of coniferous trees, 
210 of evergreen trees and shrubs, and sixty-three varieties of cacti, 285 of 
herbaceous plants and ninety kinds of roses. 

The maze at Hampton Court has its replica close by in the big rose garden 
of the Del Monte grounds. 

Within five minutes' walk from the hotel is a full, professional eighteen- 
hole golf course, all grass greens. The distance around is over 6,000 yards, 
over rolling ground beneath live-oaks. There are several bitumen tennis 
courts, on which the championship games of the Pacific Coast are played, 
and there are polo grounds, and fields for croquet, archery and quoits, as well 
as a bowling green and a clock golf course. The many miles of roads in the 
vicinity are noted among motorists and horsemen. At the Del IMonte bath- 
house the tiled tank is filled with warm salt water, and here are a long 
sandy beach and a pleasure pier. 

Back of the hotel is a forest reserve embracing 10,000 acres. 

EAST MONTEREY, THE NEW DISTRICT 

East Monterey comprises all that beautiful residential section of the 
]\Ionterey Peninsula lying east of ]\Ionterey City and embraces the many 
subdivisions designated as follows : Del Monte Hotel, with its world-famous 
gardens, bathing pavilion and golf links ; Villa Del Monte ; Del Monte Grove ; 
Seaside ; Vista Del Rey ; Vista Del Mar ; the Hot Springs ; Del Monte 
Heights ; Del Rey Colony tract. 

This section has several miles of water frontage on the Bay of Monterey 
and embraces many thousands of acres of rich black sandy loam in which 
fruits, flowers, vegetables and tobacco grow luxuriantly. Rolling hills, 
covered with acre upon acre of pine and live-oak trees, afi^ord the most 
beautiful residential sites to be found on the shores of Monterey Bay. 



57 



SOUVENIR jdQn)? EDITION 




58 




EAST MO-\ I I I-.' I \ 



- I \l 111 i I ( M\ii \ M I ION or ATTRACTIVE HOMES. II I •- Mil \ I I H 

)hl. it) iUh MtlKUPUl.lh AisD YEt IN THE SOLITUDES OF TUk CULMK\. 



Throughout this section there is an abundance of pure soft water to be 
obtained by pumping from an inexhaustible subterranean supply. 

Land may be obtained in tracts from the size of a town lot to any 
number of acres desired, at very moderate prices. 

A modern electric street-car system connects this entire section with 
Monterey and Pacific Grove. The Southern Pacific railway traverses the 
district and at Seaside maintains a station where all trains stop. Here there 
is also a postoffice, with several daily mails, stores, schools, churches, social 
and civic clubs. 

In this vicinity may be seen the largest live-oak tree in the world. 

A large lake — Laguna Granda — affords bathing and boating pleasures. 

This is a matchless section for the pleasure-seeker or for the business 
man in search of ideal situation. 

PEBBLE BEACH 

Pebble Beach, facing Carmel Bay, is on Seventeen-mile Drive, five miles 
from Monterey and Pacific Grove. Pebble Beach Lodge, built by the Pacific 
Improvement Company for assembly purposes, is operated as an adjunct of 
Del Monte. A park along the edge of the beach gives all residents free access 
to tlie shore. Pebble Beach has been divided inlo home sites. 




V ^ N . 



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:'v;^S'':d22L2^ 



GREY EAGLE TERRACE IN I.AM \1m\ ii I i , WHIM | \ (in i m | \i \ ^ i |\|) \ \ M l< I IN ALL HER 

BEAUTY AND Wlllkl, llil M'\i ^uMlll mw i'l\(| \l\\ 1,1 l(il\l) 

59 








TASSAJARA HOT SPRINGS IS ONE OF MONTEREY'S ATTRACTIVE SUMMER RESORTS, IDEALLY SITUATED AND 
EASILY REACHED BY MODERN CONVEYANCES. 



OTHER RESORTS 

Away from IMonterey peninsula there are other resorts of note, on tlie 
coast and in the hills. 

Tassajara Hot Springs. 

The Tassajara Hot Springs are situated at the headwaters of the Carmel 
River. There are more than twenty springs, some in rocky hillsides and 
others bubbling up with a temperature of 160 degrees in the Arroyo Seco. 
The great heat indicates that the source is far underground, and it is said 
that the springs contain radium in solution. 

Containing sulphur, sodium, magnesia, iron, phosphates and other minerals, 
these springs have been declared by a government expert the equal of those 
of Arkansas and of some European springs. 

Their medicinal value was discovered by the Indians ; there is still to be 
seen a rude tub carved out of rock by the Indians. 

Tassajara, famous among California resorts, is splendidly situated in wild 
coast hills. 




ESl'ECIAL CARE HAS BEEN TAKEN WITH THE WATER SUi'l'LY OF HIE ENTIRE PENINSULA, AS 
SEEN BY THE PHOTOGRAPH OF THE GREAT RESERVOIR. 

SOUVENIR 7(1913)? EDITION 




AX i;\ci:i.i,i:\ r ik 



7/ ;^ j/.J. 
1 1)1 N I A. THE LITTLE VALLEY OF JOLON HAS 
ri;Lkv. 



The climate is mild, equable, and without fog. There are four large trout 
streams nearby, deer are found in the hills, and the mountains have been 
stocked with wild turkeys. 

This resort is connected by stage with Salinas and IMonterey City, 

Par also Hot Springs. 

Near the ruins of Soledad Mission is Paraiso Hot Springs, a resort tucked 
away in a canyon well up on the side of the hills flanking the Salinas Valley 
on the west. It is five miles from Soledad, with which connections are made 
by auto stage. The history of the resort dates back to 1791, when twenty 
acres embracing the springs were granted to the Mission fathers. The padres 
gave the spot the name of Eternal Paradise. The soda, sulphur and iron 
springs, lying at an elevation of 1,400 feet, were used by the fathers. 

Slate's Hot Springs. 

Slate's Hot Si)rings are on the ocean, about twenty-five miles south of 
Monterey. Here twenty-five mineral springs rise so near the Pacific that 
guests need no cold shower, but step from the sulphur steam room to the 
ocean. The springs, sulphur, salt and iron, have temperatures from 110 to 160 
degrees. This resort is surrounded by a game preserve of 4,500 acres. 



U^4^,^l!3^^ 







I'OIN'l LOBOb. IS IT AXY W UNUERTHAT THE ARTIST JOURNEYS FAR TO PAINT SUCH I'lCTURES AS 
OR THE POET TO SIT AND DREAM AND SING OF LOVE? 



61 



SOUVENIR 7(l9l'7)f EDITION 



A National Monument. 

Vancouver's Pinnacles, on the eastern line of the county, a few miles from 
Soledad, form one of the noted sights of the State. In this region the volcanic 
mountains have been cleft into domes and turrets, many of Avhose walls are 
500 feet high. The region embraces ten square miles. 

Here 2,080 acres have been set aside by the President as one of the four- 
national monuments of California. 

TRANSPORTATION 

The Southern Pacific Coast Line, from San Francisco to Los Angeles, is 
the principal means of transportation in the Salinas Valley. This road whicli 
gives the shippers of IMonterey County direct connection with allied railways 
throughout the nation also serves the Monterey peninsula, a branch, running 
from Del IMonte Junction, having its terminal at Pacific Grove. 

The Pajaro Valley Consolidated Railroad Company operates a fifty-four- 
mile system, running from AVatsonville to Spreckels. Roughly forming a 
semicircle, the line touches Moss Landing. Branches connect Spreckels with 
Buena Vista, Salinas and Alisal. This railroad transports a large portion of 
the sugar-beets from the fields to the sugar mill, and besides a regular 
passenger train service, it operates a motor car service. 

The Stone Canyon Railroad, twenty-six miles long, has for its western 
terminal ]\IcKay, which is just below the county line, but most of the line is 
operated in Monterey County. The line taps the Stone Canyon coal fields. 

The projected railroad from Fresi^o and Coalinga to Monterey has long 
been desirable, and must prove beneficial to all San Joaquin Valley points as 
well as to Monterey County. The line from Fresno to Pacific Grove has been 
surveyed, and it is the earnest hope of citizens of Monterey County that 
construction may be begun before the opening of the Panama Canal to traf^c. 

Monterey is the only port of call on the Pacific Coast for ships of the 
British Navy. 

In addition to its excellent rail service, the boast of IMonterey County is 
excellent public highways. There are more than 1,550 miles of fine roads. 
The Board of Supervisors of Monterey County has adopted the policy of 
building permanent highways, and each member takes especial pride in the 
district under his supervision, making the very most of every dollar appro- 
priated for such purpose. Monterey County is popular with motorists. 

EXCELLENT SCHOOLS 

Monterey County justly is proud of its schools, which are maintained in 
the very highest efficiency. 

The Monterey County High School at Monterey is accredited to both the 
University of California and Leland Stanford Jr. University. It makes the 
academic course the main feature, and as special features it offers a strong 
commercial course, two years of domestic science and two years of manual 
training. The domestic science department occupies the right wing and the 
manual training department the extreme left, while the commercial course is 
given in the main building at the left of the entrance. The assembly hall 
and library occupy the central portion at the rear of the court. The labora- 
tories and lecture room adjoin the assembly hall. The building is of re- 
inforced concrete. 

The County High School at King City serves all of southern IMonterey 
County. The grounds of the magnificent school, completed in 1911, comprise 
eight acres. The school is strongly vocational in character, with the agricul- 
ture feature predominating. The courses given lead to commercial branches, 
agriculture, mechanics and architecture, domestic science, the normal school 
and the various university courses. A circular concerning the courses given 
will be sent upon application to the principal of the school. 

62 




RICH IN MINERALS 

Monterey County is rich in minerals, thci-e being produced asphalt, brick, 
coal, glass sand, gold, gypsum, infusorial earth, lime, limestone, macadam, 
mineral water, quicksilver, rubble, silver and gold. 

The Los Burros district, twenty miles south of Jolon, in the southwest 
part of the county and on the coast, was one of the earliest producers of 
precious metals in California, being worked before the coming of the white 
man, and the Mission fathers also took out much wealth with the aid of the 
crude methods then in vogue. Considerable good ore is still taken out. 

One of the largest coal deposits in the West is that owned by the Stone 
Canyon Coal Company, and connected with the main line of the Southern 
Pacific by the Stone Canyon Railroad. Situated twenty-five miles from King 
City, the mine embraces 2,500 acres, containing a sub-bituminous seam twelve 
to sixteen feet wide. Much coal has been developed in this mine. 

One of the most important pipe lines operated in California is that of the 
Associated Transportation Company, which runs from Coalinga, in the San 
Joaquin Valley, to Monterey, following one of the shortest possible routes 
from the interior of the State to the sea. The line is 110 miles long and has 
a capacity of 12,000 barrels a day, and the oil it carries adds 500,000 tons 
annually to the freight shipments of Monterey. 

An average of fifty tons of gypsum are shipped daily from King City, the 
supply coming from a large mine twelve miles northeast. 

Sand is shipped in large quantities from the shores of Monterey Bay, one 
plant handling more than 100,000 tons annually. 

A salt works near Moss Landing turns out 2,000 tons a year. 

POWER AND MANUFACTURING 

There is ample power for the farmer and the manufacturer. Every 
section of the county is supplied, the principal company being the Coast 
Valleys Gas & Electric Company, generating its power at Monterey, and 
transmitting it over miles of lines to various sections in the county. 

This, coupled with the fact that oil is to be had for fuel, makes ideal con- 
ditions for the manufacturer. While there are about thirty-six plants now in 
operation there is a fine field for fruit and vegetable canneries and packing- 
houses, a starch factory and other plants. 

IN CONCLUSION 

In this booklet it has been the aim to direct attention to the advantages 
and opportunities in Monterey County for homeseekers. The picture has not 
been overdrawn. It is all true. The hope is that this publication may induce 
further settlement, for there is a vast amount of territory awaiting develop- 
ment. Here one may retire in peace and contentment to a home shaded by 
the pines of a forest, protected by majestic hills, and warmed by the summer 
sun. Or, seeking to build a home on a farm, the problem is here solved 
readily, for Monterey possesses the growing climate, the growing soil, and her 
communities are possessed with the growing spirit. 

There are numerous organizations in Monterey County that will gladly 
furnish you with additional information. A card to the Chamber of Com- 
merce at Salinas, the Monterey Chamber of Commerce at Monterey, the 
Pacific Grove Board of Trade at Pacific Grove, the King City Chamber of 
Commerce at King City, the Greenfield Grange at Greenfield, and the Pajaro 
Board of Trade at Pajaro will bring you a prompt reply. 

This booklet is issued by the Monterey County Board of Supervisors. 

SUPERVISORS DISTRICT POSTOFFICE 

J. L. MANN No. 1 . . . VVatsonville 

H. E. ABBOTT No. 2 . . . Salinas 

PAUL TALBOTT No. 3 . . . King City 

VVILLI.XM P. C.\SEV (Chairman) . No. 4 . . . San Lucas 

JOHN L. D. ROBERTS . . . . No. 5 . . . Seaside (Monterey) 
T. P. JOY, Clerk, Salinas 



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SOUTHERN PACIFIC COMPANY 
REPRESENTATIVE 



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